Publication Name	World Journal of Clinical Oncology
Manuscript ID	111294
Country	India

Category	Cell Biology
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Role of nanotechnology in modulating tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy efficacy
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Ayushi Jain, Saloni Verma, Alisha Jadhav, Sharon John and Shalini Gupta
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Shalini Gupta, Full Professor, Head, PhD, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP 226003 India, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India. dr.shalni@gmail.com
Key Words	Immunotherapy; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; Nanomedicine; Tumor microenvironment; Tumor associated macrophages; Hypoxia; Nanoparticles
Core Tip	Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that severely limits immunotherapy efficacy. This review highlights how nanotechnology offers transformative strategies to overcome key TME barriers. Specifically, engineered nanoparticles can reprogram tumor-associated macrophages, alleviate hypoxia via oxygen-generating carriers, disrupt cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular matrix, and deliver targeted therapies (e.g., human papillomavirus E6/E7 siRNA). OSCC-tailored approaches also counteract carcinogen-induced oxidative stress and microbiota-driven immunosuppression. These innovations enable precise TME remodeling to enhance immune cell infiltration and checkpoint inhibitor performance, representing a paradigm shift towards improving clinical outcomes in oral cancer immunotherapy.
Citation	Jain A, Verma S, Jadhav A, John S, Gupta S. Role of nanotechnology in modulating tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy efficacy. World J Clin Oncol 2025; In press

Received	2025-06-27 01:31
Peer-Review Started	2025-06-27 01:32
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2025-07-15 09:55
Revised	2025-08-14 08:54
Second Decision	2025-11-20 02:37
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2025-11-20 05:54
Articles in Press	2025-11-20 05:54
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2218-4333 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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