Publication Name	World Journal of Cardiology
Manuscript ID	112466
Country	Brazil

Category	Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Aguiar, Juan Marcos Caram Costa, Marina Maria Gomes Leite Oliveira, Caio Ferraz Lopes, Pedro Henrique Melo Lima, Victoria Cenci Dietrich, Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell and Fabrício Freire de Melo
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number CNPq Research Productivity Fellowship 309110/2025-4 CNPq Research Grant 445479/2023-0
Corresponding Author	Fabrício Freire de Melo, Assistant Professor, PhD, Professor, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 58 Rua Hormindo Barros, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil. freiremeloufba@gmail.com
Key Words	Long coronavirus disease; Cardiovascular sequelae; Biomarkers; Myocardial injury; Endothelial dysfunction; Risk stratification
Core Tip	Long coronavirus disease (LC) is often accompanied by continuing cardiovascular complications, yet objective tools for diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic monitoring remain limited. This review explores unresolved mechanisms and critically examines the role of conventional and emerging biomarkers in the cardiovascular sequelae of LC. We provide a critical appraisal of evidence strength and highlight gaps in clinical translation, including assay standardization, accessibility, and validation. Finally, we propose multimarker strategies and omics-based approaches as promising tools to support personalized interventions and improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with LC within clinical practice.
Citation	Aguiar CEO, Costa JMC, Oliveira MMGL, Lopes CF, Lima PHM, Dietrich VC, Grenfell RFQ, de Melo Fabrício Freire. Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers. World J Cardiol 2025; In press

Received	2025-07-28 03:59
Peer-Review Started	2025-07-28 04:00
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2025-09-02 06:40
Revised	2025-10-05 01:56
Second Decision	2025-11-20 02:37
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2025-11-20 08:22
Articles in Press	2025-11-20 08:22
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1949-8462 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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