Publication Name	World Journal of Methodology
Manuscript ID	114180
Country	Greece

Category	Transplantation
Manuscript Type	Observational Study
Article Title	Breaking the scalpel ceiling: gender inequality in global transplant surgery
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Eleni Avramidou, Georgios Tsoulfas, Maria Alexiou and Christina Papachristou
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Eleni Avramidou, MD, Department of Transplantation Surgery, Center for Research and Innovation in Solid Organ Transplantation, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, qq, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece. h.k.avramidou@gmail.com
Key Words	Equity diversity inclusion; Transplantation; Female surgeons; Gender inequalities; Questionnaire survey
Core Tip	This manuscript presents the results of the first worldwide cross-sectional study to document gender inequities in transplantation surgery. By surveying both transplant unit directors and female transplant surgeons, it reveals disparities in academic and leadership roles, frequent experiences of gender discrimination and sexual harassment, and highlights the need for mentorship, equitable leadership opportunities, and institutional policies that support work-life balance.
Citation	Avramidou E, Tsoulfas G, Alexiou M, Papachristou C. Breaking the scalpel ceiling: gender inequality in global transplant surgery. World J Methodol 2026; In press

Received	2025-09-15 07:33
Peer-Review Started	2025-09-15 07:33
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2025-09-30 08:53
Return for Revision	2025-09-30 08:53
Revised	2025-10-21 21:13
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-01-13 02:36
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-01-13 08:09
Articles in Press	2026-01-13 08:09
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2222-0682 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Permissions	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
Publisher	Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
Website	http://www.wjgnet.com