Publication Name	World Journal of Psychiatry
Manuscript ID	115567
Country	China

Category	Psychiatry
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Neuroimmune synapse and modulation by anesthetics: Inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives for postoperative neurocognitive disorders
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Yao Jie, Zhi-Wei Lai, Wen Zhou, You-Chun Li, Bao-Lin Zhong, Xin-Xing Zeng and Qiong Jiang
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Qiong Jiang, Chief Physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, No. 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China. m15979732601@163.com
Key Words	Postoperative neurocognitive disorders; Neuroimmune synapse; Microglia-neuron interactions; Neuroinflammation; Anesthetic modulation; Complement system; Synaptic pruning
Core Tip	This review reinterprets postoperative neurocognitive disorders through the concept of the neuroimmune synapse (NIS), the microglia, astrocyte, and neuron interface coordinating immune and neuronal signaling. We synthesize evidence on NIS pathways (CX3C chemokine ligand 1/CX3CR1, CD200/CD200R, complement, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2/DNAX activation protein of 12 kDa), show how anesthesia combined with surgical stress perturbs NIS function, and link aberrant microglial activation, excessive synaptic pruning, and hippocampal and prefrontal dysfunction to postoperative neurocognitive disorders. We further outline how distinct anesthetic classes modulate NIS structure and signaling, and propose testable interventions: Agent selection, multimodal analgesia, and targeting CX3CR1, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, and complement to restore synaptic homeostasis.
Citation	Jie Y, Lai ZW, Zhou W, Li YC, Zhong BL, Zeng XX, Jiang Q. Neuroimmune synapse and modulation by anesthetics: Inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives for postoperative neurocognitive disorders. World J Psychiatry 2025; In press

Received	2025-10-20 01:56
Peer-Review Started	2025-10-20 01:56
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2025-11-06 08:44
Return for Revision	2025-11-06 08:44
Revised	2025-11-13 13:31
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2025-12-25 02:35
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2025-12-25 03:15
Articles in Press	2025-12-25 03:15
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2220-3206 (online)
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