Publication Name	World Journal of Virology
Manuscript ID	116055
Country	India

Category	Virology
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Subashchandrabose Varatharajan, Sathiamoorthy Krishnasai and Chandrashekaran Girish
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Chandrashekaran Girish, Additional Professor, PhD, Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, NA, Puducherry 605006, India. gcnx2005@gmail.com
Key Words	Human immunodeficiency virus-1 vaccine; Broadly neutralising antibodies; Germline-targeting; mosaic antigens; mRNA vaccines; Prime-boost strategy; Immune evasion; Vaccine efficacy; Human immunodeficiency virus prevention
Core Tip	The article primarily focuses on the hurdles in developing a successful vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus-1, lessons learnt from some of the landmark trials, and the targets to be induced by a successful vaccine, and briefly touches on some current advances.
Citation	Varatharajan S, Krishnasai S, Girish C. Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives. World J Virol 2026; In press

Received	2025-11-02 11:42
Peer-Review Started	2025-11-02 11:42
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2025-12-18 09:31
Return for Revision	2025-12-18 09:31
Revised	2026-01-01 06:21
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-02-11 02:34
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-02-11 10:53
Articles in Press	2026-02-11 10:53
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2220-3249 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Permissions	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
Publisher	Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
Website	http://www.wjgnet.com