Publication Name	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
Manuscript ID	120353
Country	Morocco

Category	Immunology
Manuscript Type	Opinion Review
Article Title	Dynamic programmed death-ligand 1 and multimodal biomarkers in gastric cancer immunotherapy
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Abdellatif Bouayad
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Abdellatif Bouayad, Associate Professor, MD, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, Hay Al Hikma, P.O. Box 4867, Oujda 4867, Oriental Region, Morocco. a.bouayad@ump.ac.ma
Key Words	Gastric cancer; Programmed death-ligand 1 expression; Tumor biomarkers; Artificial intelligence; Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Core Tip	Emerging non-invasive, real-time biomarkers such as serial exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), circulating tumor DNA, and circulating immune cells may help overcome the limitations of static PD-L1 assessment, thereby improving the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1/PD-L1 therapy in advanced gastric cancer. Validation of rapid, cost-effective, and point-of-care dynamic tumor biomarkers is essential before their integration into routine clinical practice. Moreover, integrating histopathological and radiological findings with standard tumor biomarker data through artificial intelligence offers the potential to overcome the main limitations of circulating tumor DNA next-generation sequencing and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry assessment.
Citation	Bouayad A. Dynamic programmed death-ligand 1 and multimodal biomarkers in gastric cancer immunotherapy. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; In press

Received	2026-02-24 05:42
Peer-Review Started	2026-02-24 05:44
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-03-03 09:19
Return for Revision	2026-03-03 09:19
Revised	2026-03-31 18:02
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-05-25 02:36
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-05-25 07:15
Articles in Press	2026-05-25 07:15
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1948-5204 (online)
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