Publication Name	World Journal of Diabetes
Manuscript ID	120422
Country	South Korea

Category	Primary Health Care
Manuscript Type	Opinion Review
Article Title	Can one composite index capture both inflammatory and metabolic cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes?
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Young-Hye Cho, Jung In Choi and Sang Yeoup Lee
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number 2025 research grant from Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital
Corresponding Author	Sang Yeoup Lee, Executive Vice President, MD, Principal Investigator, Professor, Family Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Geumo-ro 20, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, South Korea. saylee@pnu.edu
Key Words	Type 2 diabetes mellitus; C-reactive protein; Fasting C-peptide; Composite biomarker; Cardiovascular risk; Insulin resistance; Inflammation; Triglyceride-glucose index; Cerebrovascular events; East Asian population
Core Tip	The product of C-reactive protein and fasting C-peptide represents a hypothesis-generating composite marker integrating inflammatory and metabolic cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus. By combining two biomarkers with distinct and individually limited predictive profiles, this approach aims to capture the adipose tissue-driven metaflammation axis underlying diabetic vascular disease. The multiplicative formulation preferentially reflects the high-C-reactive protein, high-fasting C-peptide phenotype, but its clinical value remains uncertain given modest discriminative performance, limited comparison with competing composite indices, and the need for prospective validation across diverse populations.
Citation	Cho YH, Choi JI, Lee SY. Can one composite index capture both inflammatory and metabolic cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes? World J Diabetes 2026; In press

Received	2026-02-26 00:38
Peer-Review Started	2026-02-27 00:00
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-03-13 09:19
Return for Revision	2026-03-13 09:19
Revised	2026-04-03 03:52
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-05-19 02:40
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-05-19 07:52
Articles in Press	2026-05-19 07:52
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1948-9358 (online)
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Copyright	©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
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