Publication Name	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
Manuscript ID	121591
DOI	10.4240/wjgs.121591
Country	Italy

Category	Surgery
Manuscript Type	Minireviews
Article Title	Pulmonary metastasectomy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: A therapeutic challenge
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Alessandro Pardolesi, Michele Ferrari, Giovanni Leuzzi, Edoardo Ceruti, Ugo Cioffi, Matilde De Simone, Gerardo Cioffi and Piergiorgio Solli
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Michele Ferrari, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G.Venezian 1, Milan 20133, Lombardy, Italy. michele.ferrari@istitutotumori.mi.it
Key Words	Hepatocellular carcinoma; Pulmonary metastasectomy; Liver transplantation; Recurrence; Tumor biology
Core Tip	Liver transplantation is a definitive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, yet recurrence occurs 8%-20% of patients, with the lung being the most common extra-hepatic site. Pulmonary metastasectomy offers meaningful survival benefit in carefully selected patients with resectable, lung-limited disease and favorable tumor biology. Patient selection should prioritize disease-free survival, alpha-fetoprotein levels, and oligometastatic pattern, rather than immunosuppression management alone. We emphasize the need for rigorous, biology-driven selection criteria and prospective studies to define the role of surgery within a multimodal approach to extra-hepatic hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.
Citation	Pardolesi A, Ferrari M, Leuzzi G, Ceruti E, Cioffi U, De Simone M, Cioffi G, Solli P. Pulmonary metastasectomy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: A therapeutic challenge. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; In press DOI: https://doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.121591
PDF	121591-in-press.pdf

Received	2026-03-31 03:54
Peer-Review Started	2026-03-31 03:56
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-04-21 09:10
Return for Revision	2026-04-21 09:10
Revised	2026-05-12 06:00
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-06-16 02:34
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-06-16 06:45
Articles in Press	2026-06-16 06:45
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1948-9366 (online)
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