Publication Name	World Journal of Translational Medicine
Manuscript ID	122119
DOI	10.5528/wjtm.122119
Country	India

Category	Orthopedics
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in osteoimmunology: Aging, and anti-cytokine therapies
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Arunagiri Gunasekar, Naveen Jeyaraman, Sneha Babu Chitra, Vathani Yudakar, Sanjeevi Bharadwaj, Sathish Muthu and Madhan Jeyaraman
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Madhan Jeyaraman, Associate Professor, MD, PhD, Researcher, Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India. madhanjeyaraman@gmail.com
Key Words	Receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin axis; Janus kinase/nuclear factor kappa B; Osteoprotegerin; Inflammaging; Senolytics
Core Tip	Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are important cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of bone loss by means of an imbalance of receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin, nuclear factor kappa B activation, and osteoclast encouragement. They are aggravated by inflammatory bone diseases and osteoporosis caused by inflammaging and senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Their crosstalk promotes bone resorption by dysregulating immune cells. Anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 treatments normalize bone homeostasis, and observational data suggest a lower reduction in fracture occurrence, an estimate that should be interpreted cautiously given its non-randomized basis. These novel methods include senolytics, Janus kinase, and cytokine-based precision medicine.
Citation	Gunasekar A, Jeyaraman N, Chitra SB, Yudakar V, Bharadwaj S, Muthu S, Jeyaraman M. Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in osteoimmunology: Aging, and anti-cytokine therapies. World J Transl Med 2026; In press DOI: https://doi.org/10.5528/wjtm.122119
PDF	122119-in-press.pdf

Received	2026-04-10 06:21
Peer-Review Started	2026-04-10 06:22
First Decision by Editorial Office Director
Return for Revision	2026-07-06 01:54
Revised	2026-07-20 07:38
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-08-18 02:38
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-08-18 09:30
Articles in Press	2026-08-18 09:30
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2220-6132 (online)
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