Publication Name	World Journal of Clinical Cases
Manuscript ID	128568
DOI	10.12998/wjcc.128568
Country	China

Category	Peripheral Vascular Disease
Manuscript Type	Case Report
Article Title	Phlebolith-rich axillary venous malformation masquerading as lymphadenopathy of a multimodal diagnostic pitfall: A case report
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Jia-Wei Song, Yu Xia, Shi-Wei Liu, Chao Li, Jing Luo and Hai-Yan Zhang
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Hai-Yan Zhang, Breast Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. tgbz1212@sina.com
Key Words	Venous malformation; Phlebolith; Axilla; Lymphadenopathy; Vascular anomaly; Case report
Core Tip	This case reports an extensive axillary and retropectoral venous malformation misdiagnosed as lymphadenopathy for over two years. Key clues included echogenic foci with shadowing despite absent Doppler flow, multiple phleboliths on computed tomography, trans-spatial involvement on magnetic resonance imaging, adjacent deep vein enlargement, and blood-dominant needle aspiration. Surgery confirmed communication with the axillary vein and removed 61 calcified bodies. The main teaching point: Recognize discordant multimodality findings in presumed nodal disease and obtain vascular imaging before biopsy or surgery.
Citation	Song JW, Xia Y, Liu SW, Li C, Zhang HY, Luo J. Phlebolith-rich axillary venous malformation masquerading as lymphadenopathy of a multimodal diagnostic pitfall: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2026; In press DOI: https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.128568
PDF	128568-in-press.pdf

Received	2026-09-24 06:49
Peer-Review Started	2026-09-24 06:50
First Decision by Editorial Office Director
Return for Revision	2026-10-24 08:41
Revised	2026-10-28 10:41
Publication Fee Transferred	2026-11-06 11:57
Second Decision by Editor	2026-11-12 05:59
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-11-12 09:25
Articles in Press	2026-11-12 09:25
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2307-8960 (online)
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