Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	53130
Country	United States

Category	Virology
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Murali Ganesan, Allison Eikenberry, Larisa Y Poluektova, Kusum K Kharbanda and Natalia A Osna
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number National Institutes of Health, NIAAA K01AA026864
Corresponding Author	Murali Ganesan, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Emile, Omaha, NE 68198, United States. murali.ganesan@unmc.edu
Key Words	Hepatitis B virus; Alcohol; Immunity; Oxidative stress; Liver disease;
Core Tip	In this review, we discussed the literature and some of our recent findings on the combined effects of alcohol and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infection in the progression of liver diseases, such as steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Worldwide, 1.5 billion people had chronic liver disease in 2017, most commonly resulting from HBV (29%) and alcoholic liver disease (2%). Clinical evidence supports the synergistic effect of alcohol and HBV- infection on progression of end-stage liver diseases. The possible mechanisms for the chronic liver diseases induced by the combination of alcohol and HBV-infection are increased HBV replication, oxidative stress, cell organelles stress [such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi stress] and importantly, weakened immune responses. Better understanding of these mechanisms will improve the treatment options for the HBV-alcoholic patients.
Citation	Ganesan M, Eikenberry A, Poluektova LY, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26(9): 883-903

Received	2019-12-05 23:41
Peer-Review Started	2019-12-05 23:41
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2019-12-30 17:18
Revised	2020-02-09 23:21
Second Decision	2020-02-14 13:51
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Company Editor-in-Chief	2020-02-14 22:22
Articles in Press	2020-02-14 22:22
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2020-03-04 09:40

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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