Publication Name	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
Manuscript ID	69856
Country	United States

Category	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Sofia C Tortora, Vimal M Bodiwala, Andrew Quinn, Laura A Martello and Shivakumar Vignesh
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Shivakumar Vignesh, AGAF, FACG, FASGE, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States. vignesh185@gmail.com
Key Words	Colorectal cancer; Oral microbiome; Gut microbiome; Hallmarks of cancer; Racial/ethnic microbial diversity
Core Tip	In this review, we describe oral and gut microbiome associated with colorectal (CRC) carcinogenesis in relation to the “hallmarks of cancer” and microbial diversity and abundance between races/ethnicities. CRC patients showed increased levels of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Clostridium difficile. Higher levels of Bacteroides, F. nucleatum and Enterobacter species have been found in African American (AA) compared to Caucasian American (CA) CRC patients. Also, AA patients had decreased microbial diversity compared to CA patients. Periodontal-associated bacteria, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Bacteroides and Porphyromonas, have been found in CRC tissues and in feces of CRC patients.
Citation	Tortora SC, Bodiwala VM, Quinn A, Martello LA, Vignesh S. Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14(2): 375-395

Received	2021-07-13 21:30
Peer-Review Started	2021-07-13 21:34
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2021-07-29 17:55
Revised	2021-08-26 19:38
Second Decision	2022-01-13 05:35
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Company Editor-in-Chief	2022-01-14 06:29
Articles in Press	2022-01-14 06:29
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2022-02-07 01:39

ISSN	1948-5204 (online)
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