Publication Name	World Journal of Diabetes
Manuscript ID	104789
Country	China

Category	Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Manuscript Type	Retrospective Study
Article Title	Predictive model and risk analysis for outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer using eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanation
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Lei Gao, Zi-Xuan Liu and Jiang-Ning Wang
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Jiang-Ning Wang, Chief Physician, MD, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, No. 10 Tieyi Road, Yangfangdian, Haidian District, Beijing 100038, China. wangjn@bjsjth.cn
Key Words	Diabetic foot ulcer; Amputation stratification; Clinical risk prediction; eXtreme Gradient Boosting; Shapley additive explanation; Machine learning
Core Tip	This study developed and validated an eXtreme Gradient Boosting-based predictive model for stratifying amputation risk in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. By integrating 29 clinical variables and applying Shapley additive explanation for interpretability, the model achieved high predictive accuracy, especially for major amputations (area under the curve = 0.977). Key predictors included Wagner grade, albumin, infection markers, and vascular intervention. The model enables early identification of high-risk patients and supports individualized treatment decisions, offering a clinically interpretable tool for improving diabetic foot management.
Citation	Gao L, Liu ZX, Wang JN. Predictive model and risk analysis for outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer using eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanation. World J Diabetes 2025; In press

Received	2025-01-02 09:48
Peer-Review Started	2025-01-03 08:59
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2025-04-09 01:25
Revised	2025-04-22 03:21
Second Decision	2025-05-15 08:36
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2025-06-13 07:56
Articles in Press	2025-06-13 07:56
Publication Fee Transferred	2025-04-23 08:39
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1948-9358 (online)
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