Publication Name	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
Manuscript ID	106919
Country	Netherlands

Category	Surgery
Manuscript Type	Retrospective Cohort Study
Article Title	Bile spillage in incidental gallbladder cancer is not an independent predictor for survival: A multi-institute retrospective cohort study
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Mike van Dooren, Elise AJ de Savornin Lohman, Rachel S van der Post, Frederik JH Hoogwater, Peter B van den Boezem, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Joris I Erdmann and Philip R de Reuver
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number Foundation ADP
Corresponding Author	Mike van Dooren, MD, Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, Internal Code 618, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Gelderland, Netherlands. mike.vandooren@radboudumc.nl
Key Words	Gallbladder; Gall bladder; Carcinoma; Cancer; Incidental; Bile spillage; Bile spill; Bile leakage; Bile leak; Survival
Core Tip	In this retrospective cohort study, the relationship between bile spillage and survival in patients with incidental gallbladder carcinoma was analyzed in 32 Dutch hospitals. Bile spillage was associated with adverse prognostic factors, namely higher age, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification and T stage and non-radical resection. Unlike those other factors, bile spillage was not an independent predictor for survival in multivariable analysis. Additionally, in our cohort, bile spillage was linked to localized rather than peritoneal reoccurrence as described in existing literature. Patients with an indication for additional treatment should be referred to a specialised hepatopancreaticobiliary center, irrespective of whether bile spillage has occurred.
Citation	Dooren MV, de Savornin Lohman EA, van der Post RS, Hoogwater FJ, van den Boezem PB, Groot Koerkamp B, Erdmann JI, de Reuver PR. Bile spillage in incidental gallbladder cancer is not an independent predictor for survival: A multi-institute retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; In press

Received	2025-03-11 02:52
Peer-Review Started	2025-03-11 02:52
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2025-03-24 10:08
Revised	2025-04-07 15:15
Second Decision	2025-05-28 02:40
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2025-05-28 09:15
Articles in Press	2025-05-28 09:15
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ISSN	1948-9366 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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