Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	116469
Country	China

Category	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manuscript Type	Meta-Analysis
Article Title	Association between proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Min Gao, Rui-Rui Yin, Xin Mao, Zong-Xin Shao and Yan-Yan Shi
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China J230002
Corresponding Author	Yan-Yan Shi, MD, Professor, Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Garden North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. shiyanyan@bjmu.edu.cn
Key Words	Inflammatory bowel disease; Proton pump inhibitor; Risk factor; Observational study; Protopathic bias
Core Tip	Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide, yet their long-term safety remains under debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate a statistically significant association between PPI use and an increased risk of incident inflammatory bowel disease. However, substantial heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses suggest that this association may be influenced by study design, age differences, and protopathic bias, thereby limiting causal inference. Clinicians should interpret this association cautiously, and future prospective studies with rigorous bias control are needed to determine whether PPI use contributes to inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.
Citation	Gao M, Yin RR, Mao X, Shao ZX, Shi YY. Association between proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2026; In press

Received	2025-11-13 05:49
Peer-Review Started	2025-11-13 08:13
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2025-12-30 07:35
Return for Revision	2025-12-30 07:35
Revised	2026-01-11 14:55
Publication Fee Transferred	2026-01-12 02:05
Second Decision by Editor	2026-02-28 02:30
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-02-28 07:37
Articles in Press	2026-02-28 07:37
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
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