Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	120518
Country	China

Category	Pediatrics
Manuscript Type	Basic Study
Article Title	Lactation stage-dependent protective effects of human milk exosomes against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via lactoferrin/lysozyme-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Guang Yang and Li Liu
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Li Liu, MD, Professor, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China. liuli918@163.com
Key Words	Human milk exosomes; Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury; Lactoferrin; Lysozyme; Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway; Nuclear factor kappa B pathway
Core Tip	This study demonstrates that human milk exosomes protect against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in a lactation stage-dependent manner. Colostrum exosomes, rich in lactoferrin and lysozyme, exhibit optimal protection by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 antioxidant pathway and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B inflammatory pathway. These findings provide a basis for developing exosome-based therapies for neonatal gut injury.
Citation	Yang G, Liu L. Lactation stage-dependent protective effects of human milk exosomes against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via lactoferrin/lysozyme-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways. World J Gastroenterol 2026; In press

Received	2026-03-17 10:10
Peer-Review Started	2026-03-17 10:10
First Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-03-27 02:45
Return for Revision	2026-03-27 02:45
Revised	2026-04-07 09:22
Publication Fee Transferred	2026-04-11 02:46
Second Decision by Editor	2026-05-12 02:38
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-05-12 08:02
Articles in Press	2026-05-12 08:02
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Copyright	©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
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