Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	122778
DOI	10.3748/wjg.122778
Country	China

Category	Surgery
Manuscript Type	Basic Study
Article Title	Establishment of a Sprague-Dawley rat model of hepatolithiasis based on common bile duct catheterization
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Jia-Lin Shi, Tauqeer Muhammad, Ting-Ting He, Zhu-Ying Lin, Tian-Gui Zhang, Shi-Yue Liu, Xiao-Lei Yang, Yao Yang, Lei Hu, Pan Ran, Muhammad Numan and Jiang Li
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number “Xingdian Talents” Support Project of Yunnan Province
Corresponding Author	Jiang Li, Chief Physician, Full Professor, Head, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China. lijiang1020@kmmu.edu.cn
Key Words	Hepatolithiasis; Sprague-Dawley rat; Lipopolysaccharide; Common bile duct catheterization; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; Lithiasis-associated cholangitis and fibrosis
Core Tip	This study, based on the placement of a bile duct catheter, successfully established a bile duct stone model in Sprague-Dawley rats by administering lipopolysaccharide (1 mg/kg) intra-biliary injections on days 4, 9, 14, and 19 after surgery. The model was validated through multiple methods, including microscopic observation (bile smear), the formation of bilirubin-calcium crystals (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and histopathology (Scheuer score). These findings confirmed that the model consistently produces bilirubin-calcium stones and reproduces typical pathological changes such as chronic biliary inflammation and biliary fibrosis. Additionally, this model allows for repeated intra-biliary dosing and continuous bile sampling, making it a reliable experimental platform for studying the pathogenesis of intrahepatic bile duct stones and evaluating novel intervention strategies.
Citation	Shi JL, Muhammad T, He TT, Lin ZY, Zhang TG, Liu SY, Yang XL, Yang Y, Hu L, Ran P, Numan M, Li J. Establishment of a Sprague-Dawley rat model of hepatolithiasis based on common bile duct catheterization. World J Gastroenterol 2026; In press DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.122778
PDF	122778-in-press.pdf

Received	2026-04-28 02:07
Peer-Review Started	2026-04-28 02:08
First Decision by Editorial Office Director
Return for Revision	2026-07-14 08:10
Revised	2026-07-22 12:15
Publication Fee Transferred	2026-08-11 13:21
Second Decision by Editor	2026-09-11 02:52
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-09-11 09:18
Articles in Press	2026-09-11 09:18
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Copyright	©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
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