Publication Name	World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
Manuscript ID	126486
DOI	10.5409/wjcp.126486
Country	Brazil

Category	Orthopedics
Manuscript Type	Minireviews
Article Title	Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease and altitude: A hypothesis-generating narrative minireview
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Gabriel Elias de Gois Santos Silva, Bárbara Lívia Corrêa Serafim and Luiz Renato Agrizzi de Angeli
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Luiz Renato Agrizzi de Angeli, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05403-010, São Paulo, Brazil. deangeli.lr@gmail.com
Key Words	Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease; Altitude; Hypoxia; Low temperature; Inflammation; Environmental exposure
Core Tip	This article proposes a novel variable in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease’s etiology, integrating altitude, hypoxia, low temperatures, inflammation, and environmental exposure to explain its epidemiological and geographic variations. Although the results presented here must be interpreted with caution, considering the risk of bias and ecological fallacy, the proposed framework generates testable predictions that may guide specific future investigation paths, including the execution of multicenter epidemiological surveys, such as prospective cohort studies, and experimental validation using animal models in high-altitude regions.
Citation	Santos Silva GEG, Serafim BLC, de Angeli LRA. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease and altitude: A hypothesis-generating narrative minireview. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; In press DOI: https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.126486
PDF	126486-in-press.pdf

Received	2026-08-05 06:19
Peer-Review Started	2026-08-05 06:20
First Decision by Editorial Office Director
Return for Revision	2026-09-02 05:58
Revised	2026-09-11 05:18
Publication Fee Transferred
Second Decision by Editor	2026-11-05 03:30
Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief
Final Decision by Editorial Office Director	2026-11-05 08:41
Articles in Press	2026-11-05 08:41
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript

ISSN	2219-2808 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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