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"Please explain in more detail the mechanism of carcinogenesis caused by bile reflux into the esophagus. Author write Bile acids can act through specific signalling pathways, activating nuclear farnesoid X receptor and plasma-membrane-bound G protein-coupled bile acid receptors, and also likely through the interaction between these receptors. The coupling of G protein-coupled bile acid receptor to the stimulatory protein Gs leads to activation of adenylate cyclase, intracellular cAMP accumulation and protein kinase A activation, directly impacting on smooth muscle contractile activity.
Also, the author's theory of how bile reflux reduces esophageal motility is a new and interesting one. I would like to see more detailed research into esophageal motility beyond the 24-hour pH meter.
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Gadelha KKL, Santos AA, Correia-de-Sá P, Magalhães PJC, da Silva MTB. Can bile salts affect the contractile oesophageal activity associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease? World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(4): 114560 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i4.114560]
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"The article presents a coherent and well‑structured argument by explaining why indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence has become an essential tool in hepatocellular carcinoma surgery and supporting this with evidence from systematic reviews and clinical studies. It logically organizes the diverse applications of ICG—segmental mapping, detection of superficial lesions, thermal ablation guidance, and tumor‑biology assessment—showing how each technique addresses specific surgical limitations. The discussion consistently links fluorescence patterns to pathological features and clinical decision‑making, reinforcing the article’s central claim that ICG enhances precision, safety, and oncologic outcomes in minimally invasive liver surgery."
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Piccolo G, Barabino M, Benuzzi L, Formisano G, Bianchi PP. Clinical applications of indocyanine green fluorescence for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(1): 114339 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i1.114339]
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"The article maintains clear logical flow by presenting a rare SMARCB1‑deficient pancreatic rhabdoid carcinoma case and linking the unusual initial presentation—spontaneous splenic rupture—to the tumor’s aggressive biology. Its diagnostic reasoning is coherent, moving from clinical findings to imaging, pathology, and molecular profiling that distinctly separate the ductal adenocarcinoma and rhabdoid components. The discussion logically integrates existing literature to highlight the rarity, poor prognosis, and potential benefit of aggressive multimodal therapy, underscoring the need for targeted approaches in this molecular subtype."
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Yao WQ, Ma XY, Wang GH. Clinicopathologic features of SMARCB1/INI1-deficient pancreatic undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(1): 114021 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i1.114021]
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"The article demonstrates strong logical coherence by clearly establishing the clinical gap in evidence for treating esophageal cancer patients with liver metastases and justifying the need to compare chemotherapy alone with chemoimmunotherapy. Its methodology is rigorous and transparent, using well‑defined inclusion criteria, detailed baseline characteristics, and standardized outcome measures such as RECIST, overall survival, and progression‑free survival. The conclusions logically follow from the data, showing that adding immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly improves survival and response rates without increasing severe toxicity, and the study further strengthens its argument by identifying independent prognostic factors through multivariate Cox regression analysis."
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Dai EH, Que SH, Xu H, Zhong GQ, Zhang Z, Liang X, Zhai SW, Li YT, Wang JJ, Feng W. Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in esophageal cancer patients with liver metastases. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(1): 113440 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i1.113440]
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"The study presents a logically coherent argument by clearly identifying the clinical gap in evidence for nivolumab‑based chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer with massive ascites and justifying the need for retrospective evaluation. Its methodology is well‑structured, using clearly defined ascites‑burden groups and standardized clinical criteria to ensure meaningful comparisons of outcomes and safety profiles. The conclusions follow naturally from the data, showing that although prognosis remains poor in the high‑ascites group, nivolumab plus chemotherapy provides measurable ascites improvement and acceptable toxicity, supporting its potential therapeutic value in this challenging population."
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Matsumoto T, Sugimoto S, Omori R, Makiyama C, Nakasya A, Nagai H, Yasui H, Higashi R, Sasamoto A, Satake H. Efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer with massive ascites. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(1): 112944 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i1.112944]
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"The document presents a clear, logical structure with well‑labeled sections and concise summaries that guide the reader through the study’s objectives and findings. The methods and results are supported by detailed experimental design and high‑quality figures and tables, which enhance reproducibility and data transparency. The discussion highlights clinical relevance and practical implications, effectively linking mechanistic insights to potential therapeutic strategies."
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Vescio F, Curcio S, Aquila I, Ammendola M, Tarallo AP. Right patient approach to experimental stromal cell therapies for gastrointestinal tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(1): 112630 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i1.112630]
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"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are clinically important precancerous conditions of the pancreas. Their accurate diagnosis requires a combination of imaging and endoscopic techniques. Pancreatoscopy enables direct visualization of the pancreatic duct, targeted biopsies, and the definition of disease boundaries. Existing data support the view that pancreatoscopy is a satisfactory and promising method for determining which patients with IPMN should undergo surgery, as well as the extent of resection for each patient. However, excessive enthusiasm should not prevail. The method is not widely applied; learning requires a dedicated endoscope and a sufficient number of patients per year to maintain and further increase experience, which is a very important factor. For the widespread acceptance and adoption of the method, it is necessary to conduct prospective, very well-designed multicenter studies aiming to precisely determine many parameters e.g. its diagnostic contribution and accuracy, which patients should undergo the examination, what is the impact on therapeutic decisions, what is the cost-benefit ratio and finally to determine whether it improves the survival and/or quality of life of patients. Based on the above observations, pancreatoscopy should be decided on a case-by-case basis and performed in specialized centers."
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Abusharar M, Barritt C, Mavroeidis VK, Aroori S. Role of pancreatoscopy in the management of suspected and confirmed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(4): 112635 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i4.112635]
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"The paper is highly informative and comprehensive. The authors have gathered and synthesized the most significant and relevant data from the literature, presenting it in a clear and well-structured manner. The review provides valuable insights into the topic, highlights key mechanisms and clinical implications, and offers a solid foundation for future research and practical applications."
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Singh B, Singh H, Kaur S, Singh B. Preclinical pharmacology studies of zingerone with special reference to potential therapeutic applications. World J Immunol 2026; 16(1): 111511 [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v16.i1.111511]
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"The editorial appropriately highlights that the target article opens a new avenue for potential therapeutic strategies in Parkinson’s disease and points out the lack of comprehensive studies to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms. It also outlines future research directions. Overall, the editorial adds value to the target manuscript by providing complementary discussion and contextualization."
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Chen YX, Sun NQ, Mo SJ. Rhapontin activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 to ameliorate Parkinson’s disease-associated gastrointestinal dysfunction. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(4): 114468 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i4.114468]
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"The work is a readable, visually clear review that reframes fatty liver through choline metabolism and mitochondrial stress, with solid editorial transparency. Concise upgrades—documented search/selection methods, figure/table evidence anchoring, explicit evidence‑tier labeling with effect sizes, and a short limitations/certainty note—would materially improve objectivity, credibility, and practical value for hepatology and metabolism audiences. The article is transparent on provenance, timelines, and authorship; it also includes a conflict‑of‑interest declaration. These are positives for editorial/ethical standards. For maximal clarity to non‑specialists, consider adding a one‑line ethics note that no new human/animal data were generated and that the work synthesizes published evidence only.
Methodologically, the piece reads as a narrative review. To support quality tracking and reproducibility, please add a concise 'search strategy and selection' box containing the following information: databases used, the exact date of the last search, key terms, language limits, inclusion/exclusion criteria and dual-reviewer screening/extraction. This would substantiate the statement of a comprehensive survey and help readers to assess selection bias.
The figures and tables are clear and helpful. Legends could be strengthened by stating whether panels are conceptual or data-derived, defining all abbreviations at first use, citing the primary sources that support each panel and adding n/assay details when values are quoted. Providing a single, consolidated evidence table per claim (model, dose/exposure, effect size/direction, study type and citation) would further aid readers.
The interpretation is generally cautious, but the evidence tier should be labelled consistently (in vitro vs. animal vs. human) and comparative claims (citicoline vs. α-GPC; LA/ethanol as 'mitochondrial toxins') should be anchored to primary studies with effect directions and context. It is important to explicitly note when human data are pilot/underpowered. A brief paragraph explaining why quantitative synthesis was not feasible (due to heterogeneity of models/endpoints) and a graded certainty statement for each major conclusion would prevent 'vote-counting'.
The biostatistics and data availability could be improved. Where numerical differences are cited in tables or text (e.g. '2.6-fold increase in plasma choline' or 'up to 30% reduction in triglycerides in preclinical models'), include the study design, sample size, comparator and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) where available. Consider including a small supplementary file with raw or minimally processed values from the cited studies."
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Mercola J. Fatty liver reexamined choline and mitochondrial toxin amelioration. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111831 [PMID: 41378252 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111831]
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"The work is transparent about its provenance, timelines and author contributions. It also discloses a conflict of interest relating to the author's role as company founder and their involvement in product development related to C15:0.
This review is a readable and visually clear synthesis of C15:0 mechanisms with good editorial transparency and a useful mechanistic overview. A few concise upgrades, such as search/methods transparency, evidence-tier labelling, quantitative anchors for key effects and explicit limitations, would materially improve objectivity, credibility and practical value for translational audiences.
As a narrative review, the article summarises the proposed mechanistic actions of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), including partial PPAR-α/δ agonism, AMPK activation, mTOR suppression, HDAC6 inhibition and modulation of the anti-inflammatory pathway, and provides helpful pathway schematics and a BioMAP® heatmap.
Regarding theinterpretation, the figures are legible and informative, but several mechanistic statements are presented as causal when much of the evidence is preclinical or platform-based (e.g. BioMAP® panels and cell assays). Please anchor each mechanism to specific primary studies and consistently label the evidence tier (in vitro, in vivo or human observational). Where the review draws parallels between the effects of C15:0 and metformin/rapamycin, cite comparative, peer-reviewed experiments and quantify the direction of the effects to avoid 'phenotypic mirroring' based on analogy alone. If you are relying on cell-system phenotyping reports, you should specify the doses, reference compounds and cytotoxicity thresholds, and discuss the limits of generalisability.
Figures/tables: Expand figure legends to state whether values are empirical (with n, assay and statistics) or conceptual and include scale and statistical annotations where applicable.
Biostatistics and certainty: Although a formal meta-analysis is not expected, readers would benefit from the reporting of representative effect sizes (e.g. EC₅₀ ranges or fold changes with 95% confidence intervals) for key targets, alongside a short paragraph explaining why quantitative synthesis across studies is not feasible (e.g. heterogeneity of models and endpoints). Providing a graded certainty statement (e.g. 'moderate' for PPAR-α/δ binding; 'low'/'very low' for clinical efficacy) would prevent over-extrapolation.
Providing a neutral summary that acknowledges the limited number of human prospective trials of C15:0 for metabolic or longevity endpoints would align enthusiasm with the current evidence base."
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Mercola J. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of pentadecanoic acid. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111258 [PMID: 41378251 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111258]
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"The manuscript is fully transparent in terms of its editorial process and declares any conflicts of interest and compliance with the PRISMA 2009 guidelines. This is a timely and relevant systematic review of the gut microbiome and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, with good editorial transparency and a useful PRISMA framework. The reference list is current and thematically appropriate. These factors positively contribute to ethical and reporting standards, making provenance clear to readers. Consider adding a brief statement confirming that no new human or animal data were collected, and that only published or registry data were used, to close the ethics loop for non-specialists.
As a systematic review, the methods section would benefit from providing compact yet reproducible details. While you do include a PRISMA flow diagram, the main text should also specify the databases searched (with the exact date of the last search), the full search strings, any language restrictions, the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and the tool used for the risk-of-bias assessment (e.g. ROBINS-I, RoB2 or SYRCLE). A short table summarising study designs, sample sizes, chemotherapy classes, cardiotoxicity definitions and microbiome endpoints would help readers to understand the heterogeneity.
Regarding the results and interpretation, the narrative rightly identifies microbial metabolites and gut–heart crosstalk as candidate pathways. Anchoring these mechanisms to recent overviews of microbiome–chemotherapy interactions and core mechanistic reviews would improve the balance and timeliness of the review.
The figures and tables are adequate (PRISMA and one data table are included in the journal assets). The legends could be strengthened by declaring whether each figure is conceptual or data-derived, defining all abbreviations at first use and adding a per-study evidence table (study; cancer/chemo; cardiotoxicity endpoint; microbiome assay; key finding; risk of bias).
Readers will expect some appraisal of effect direction/size where feasible (e.g., HRs/ORs for cardiotoxicity associations or standardised mean differences for metabolite levels), even if a meta-analysis is not possible. Including a concise 'why no pooling' paragraph (explaining heterogeneity in definitions, assays and timepoints) and a GRADE-style certainty statement for each major conclusion (very low, low or moderate) would prevent 'vote-counting' impressions and increase the utility of the review's conclusions."
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Abdulaal R, Afara I, Harajli A, Al Mashtoub E, Tarchichi A, Hassan K, Afara A, Abou Fakher J, Salhab S, Fassih I, Tlais M. Gut microbiome and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review of evidence and emerging therapies. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 112221 [PMID: 41378248 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.112221]
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"This study is clearly presented, transparent and visually clear that would be notably strengthened by fuller methodological rigor (randomization/blinding/power, assay standards), richer statistics and data sharing, and a more circumspect translational framing. These concise additions would enhance objectivity, credibility, and scientific utility for the community. The references are appropriate and full editorial metadata are provided. Funding and conflict-of-interest statements are also included, along with details of compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines, animal ethics approval, and CC BY-NC 4.0 licensing. This transparency aligns with the journal’s quality policy and is a strength of the article. It would be beneficial to add a brief ethics note to clarify humane endpoints and analgesia during tail transection for readers who are not specialists.
The methods section would benefit from a more concise description to support reproducibility. Report the sex and exact age range/ageing criterion of the mice, their housing conditions, and the full rationale for the therapeutic BoNT formulation (serotype, units/kg, injection site/volume, and timeline to assay). Given the focus on coagulation, full protocols for platelet aggregation should be added (e.g. agonist, concentration, light transmission vs microscopy) and standard plasma assays (PT/INR, aPTT, fibrinogen) should be included to triangulate the tail bleeding endpoint. These additions would make the work easier to replicate and compare with prior haemostasis literature.
The results are clear and the figures are legible, but several quality improvements would be helpful. For Figures 1–3, it would include n per group on the plots and show all data points with mean ± SD/SEM. State the exact statistical tests used (normality testing, two-sidedness and corrections for multiplicity) and report effect sizes with 95% CIs. In the legends, indicate how many independent experiments/animals the images are representative of, and add scale bars and magnifications. Where possible, provide raw or minimally processed data (e.g. bleeding times, body weights, aggregation percentages) in a supplementary file to meet current data availability expectations.
Interpretation should be cautious to avoid overreach. While a single dose in ageing mice suggests a pro-coagulant/anti-haemorrhagic effect, the systemic or off-target neuromuscular actions of BoNT could confound behaviour during the assay. Please discuss the potential mechanisms (e.g. platelet number/function, coagulation cascade, or local vasomotor effects) and outline experiments that would clarify them (e.g. complete blood count/platelet counts, thromboelastography, ROTEM, or endothelial markers). Translational claims (e.g. use in trauma/surgery) should be limited until dose–response, time-course, safety (toxicity, motor impairment) and reversibility are established, and the findings should be considered in the context of contemporary BoNT pharmacology/safety reviews."
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Ravichandran S, Joseph JHM, Sellathamby S, Kandasamy M. Intramuscular injection of therapeutic botulinum toxin facilitates blood coagulation in experimental aging mice. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 112376 [PMID: 41378246 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.112376]
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"This minireview is a useful and well-illustrated synthesis of the IFN-γ–ISG axis in glioblastoma, with good editorial transparency, alongside transparent metadata on provenance.
The piece could be elevated to a best-practice minireview while preserving its brevity and readability by adding a concise methods note for literature selection, tightening causal language, enriching legends/references to anchor mechanisms, and stating limitations explicitly.
Regarding the results and their interpretation, the mechanistic thread is accurate and accessible.
The figures are clear and didactic. However, a compact summary table cross-linking each ISG to its function, model/evidence, clinical signal (if applicable) and approximate level of evidence would help translational readers further.
The language quality is high, and minor spacing artefacts appear to be HTML rendering issues that will not affect the PDF. A short, explicit 'Limitations and outlook' paragraph acknowledging the non-systematic approach, potential selection bias and the need for stratified clinical validation of IFN-γ/ISG signatures in standard-of-care and immunotherapy contexts would round off the manuscript's critical appraisal. "
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Oropeza-Martínez E, Palacios Serrato EG, Zamora-Salas SX, Lira-Rodríguez NA, López-Mignon SH, Martinez-Benitez MB, Tecalco-Cruz AC. Interferon-gamma signaling pathway: Modulation of key genes in the progression of glioblastoma. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 112768 [PMID: 41378253 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.112768]
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"This is a well-constructed and transparent preclinical systematic review that adheres to the PRISMA reporting guidelines. It clearly states its murine-only scope and documents multi-database searching and the SYRCLE risk-of-bias assessment. These elements support the objectivity and credibility of the review for readers appraising the animal evidence. The ethics and availability are handled appropriately, matching the journal's standards for this type of article.
The synthesis is organised in a reader-friendly way and remains faithful to the preclinical findings without making claims that extend beyond the scope of the human literature. This approach strengthens the balance and credibility of the manuscript. Visual reporting is a strong point: the PRISMA flow and SYRCLE bias graphics meaningfully enhance transparency.
A practical note on presentation quality: in the HTML view, some figure panels appear slightly compressed, low-resolution or distorted, whereas the 'Full size/download' versions are clear and legible. Readers will benefit from accessing the high-resolution links.
Statistically, the manuscript does not overstate certainty, and the narrative is consistent and cautious in relation to the evidence base. References are recent and field-relevant, and the prose is clear and concise. As caveats intrinsic to the scope of the review, the preclinical-only inclusion is appropriate, but it necessarily limits direct clinical inference. As the review itself documents, some domains in the included studies show 'unclear' risk due to reporting (e.g. allocation concealment/blinding), which is a common feature of animal research and is displayed properly in the SYRCLE plots."
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Ochoa KL, Heredia AG, Piedra CC, Arias RJ, Ortiz BJ, Dominguez-Gortaire JA. Association between Alzheimer's disease and Porphyromonas gingivalis products in murine models: A systematic review. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111156 [PMID: 41378250 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111156]
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"This study uses the C. elegans model to examine how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer dithiothreitol (DTT) affects neuronal function and behaviour, with a particular focus on the activation of the unfolded protein response and readouts relevant to neurodegeneration. From an ethics and transparency perspective, the article adheres to publishing standards and provides readers with adequate procedural clarity.
Methodologically, the experimental framework relies on familiar and reproducible tools in the field of C. elegans research: graded DTT exposure, molecular markers of ER stress and locomotor/behavioural assays. The figures and captions document the key elements of the approach, providing fellow researchers with sufficient operational detail to comprehend the setup and replicate the primary measurements. Overall, the methods are effective for the stated aims and fall squarely within established practice for probing ER-stress-linked phenotypes in C. elegans.
In terms of results and credibility, the study's findings are directionally consistent and biologically plausible. The work is therefore coherent mechanistically in relation to the broader field, where both canonical ER effects (misfolded protein load, UPR engagement) and additional cellular pathways influenced by DTT have been described.
The figures and tables are informative and useful, but the resolution quality is poor and some of them are distorted. The set of figures covers the core narrative, and the layout facilitates quick appraisal of both effect direction and relative magnitude.
From a biostatistics perspective, the article provides transparent summary statistics and specifies the inferential test in the legend. This is an appropriate approach for these endpoints and sample sizes in a discovery-oriented worm study. While the work is not a quantitative synthesis, the statistical approach is appropriate for the scope of the study and does not overstate certainty.
In terms of references and positioning, the rationale of the manuscript is consistent with the existing literature on redox-mediated folding stress and UPR-linked neurobiology in experimental systems. The conceptual placement is therefore sound and timely, given recent mechanistic reports on how DTT influences cellular metabolism and stress pathways in C. elegans and mammalian cells [wjgnet.com; elifesciences.org; link.springer.com].
The language and presentation in the main text are generally clear and concise; the rationale, design and readouts are communicated effectively to an audience of molecular neurobiologists and stress biologists. Ancillary materials hosted on the publisher’s platform (e.g. process pages) contain minor typographical errors in the summaries, but the scientific narrative in the article itself is easy to read.
As for caveats intrinsic to the scope of the study, it reflects the strengths and boundaries of the chosen model and perturbagen. The C. elegans system provides accessible neurobehavioural phenotyping and stress signalling, and DTT is a recognised ER stress proxy. Readers will naturally contextualise the findings, knowing that some DTT effects can extend beyond the ER and that invertebrate observations are a first step in the process of translation. Within this context, the article successfully links DTT-evoked ER stress to functional outcomes in vivo in a concise and accessible manner."
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Raj G, Kumar M, Shreya S, Bhardwaj S, Priya R, Mangalhara KC, Jain BP. Dithiothreitol induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and its role in neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111110 [PMID: 41378254 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111110]
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"This minireview provides a clear, well-structured and up-to-date overview of pancreatic macrophages in obesity and their role in metabolic dysregulation. From an ethics and transparency standpoint, the article meets the publishing standards expected of this type of article.
Methodologically, the inclusion of a 'Methodology of data collection' section is uncommon but welcome for a narrative review, as it specifies the databases and key terms used, as well as the time period considered.
With respect to the results and their interpretation, the synthesis is both internally consistent and biologically coherent. The manuscript effectively links macrophage recruitment and polarisation, immunometabolic signalling nodes, and inter-organ communication to demonstrate how shifts in the innate immune system can influence β-cell stress, fibrosis, and endocrine dysfunction. The translational thread, which highlights potential checkpoints and cellular programmes of interest, is presented in a manner that remains faithful to the underlying evidence base while maintaining a clear focus on clinical relevance. Where statements draw predominantly on experimental models, this reliance is generally evident from the context and figure captions.
The figures and tables are a particular strength: they are legible and logically staged, helping readers to connect upstream triggers with downstream consequences. The therapeutic summary table facilitates the rapid understanding of mechanisms and biological implications. These visual elements are well aligned with the narrative and add real pedagogical value for both basic and translational audiences.
The references are recent and relevant to the field, supporting the article’s objective of providing a contemporary snapshot; the selection naturally reflects the chosen time window. The language and presentation are clear and concise throughout, with only minor stylistic repetitions that do not affect readability.
In terms of caveats intrinsic to the scope, the translational sections largely build on preclinical evidence, and readers should bear this in mind when interpreting the clinical implications. These features are consistent with the declared intent and format, and do not detract from the synthesis's clarity or credibility."
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Chen KR, Chen ZY, Liu FY, Xie CY, Hu J, Wang SY, Xu B, Xu TC. Macrophage-mediated metabolic dysregulation in the pancreas: Insights from obesity. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 109509 [PMID: 41378249 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.109509]
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"Dear authors,
Your study addresses an important and biologically plausible link between CD36, lipid handling, insulin resistance and gestational diabetes. The laboratory methods are clearly described and can be replicated, and the sample size is respectable for a candidate gene study. The ethical oversight, informed consent and transparency regarding conflicts of interest are all appropriately stated, and the inclusion of STROBE is also appreciated. These provide solid foundations for credibility and reproducibility.
That said, several analytical and design refinements would substantially strengthen the weight of evidence for your conclusions. Due to the baseline imbalances between cases and controls with regard to age, BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile and family history, we recommend re-estimating the effects of genotypes using multivariable logistic regression and reporting the adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) under explicit genetic models (additive, dominant and recessive). This step is critical to disentangling the genotype signal from clinical confounding factors and quantifying the independent contribution of rs1761667 and rs75326924 to GDM risk. You should also report Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in controls, call rates and any blinded re-genotyping or Sanger validation of samples that you have performed. These quality checks are standard in genetic association studies and will alleviate concerns about genotyping error or differential misclassification.
Moreover, while the transcriptional results are interesting, they would benefit from further characterisation. As CD36 mRNA was measured in peripheral blood leukocytes, please discuss the biological validity of using this tissue as a proxy for those directly implicated in GDM, such as the placenta, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. If available, orthogonal validation in an independent subset or correlation with insulin resistance indices (e.g. HOMA-IR) would strengthen the argument for functional relevance beyond statistical association.
These additions would increase the reproducibility and translational resonance of your work."
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Shamsad A, Gautam T, Singh R, Banerjee M. CD36 fatty-acid-transporter gene variants-CD36 G/A (rs1761667) and CD36 C/T (rs75326924) as biomarkers for risk-prediction in gestational diabetes mellitus. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111104 [PMID: 41378247 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111104]
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" The manuscript is written well. Its structure is appropriate for this type of article. Ethical approval form meets the requirements. Methods are appropriate and effective. Results are appropriate of methods and are authentic. Tables and biostatistics data are perfect. The references are adequate of topic. Language of article is satisfied."
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Jia ZD, Zhang CY, Liang SZ, Li HL. Primary splenic histiocytic sarcoma: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(3): 116125 [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i3.116125]
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"Authors overviewed the urinary biomarkers in diabetic kidney disease in present review article. They appropriately acknowledged diabetic kidney disease as a major global health burden with significant cardiovascular and mortality implications. Unmet clinical need was reflected by emphasis of early detection and intervention. The review covered a range of urinary biomarkers, including traditional markers (albuminuria), tubular injury markers (KIM-1, NGAL), metabolomic signatures, genetic and epigenetic contributors. Hence, authors captured the complexity of DKD pathophysiology with present multidimensional approach.
However, the review could benefit from clearer comparisons between biomarkers in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value for DKD progression."
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Gembillo G, Soraci L, Messina R, Lo Cicero L, Spadaro G, Cuzzola F, Calderone M, Ricca MF, Di Piazza S, Sudano F, Peritore L, Santoro D. Urinary biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(1): 110502 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i1.110502]
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"Authors reviewed the role of the NR2B (GluN2B) subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR-2B) in the pathophysiology of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) in the present work. . The review succeeded in positioning NMDAR-2B as a mechanistically important contributor to chronic neuropathic pain and as a potential therapeutic target.
Authors overviewed and clearly justified the need to explore mechanistically driven targets for PDN. They focused on NMDAR-2B and thus provided conceptual clarity.
However, potential adverse effects, blood–brain barrier considerations, and long-term safety of NMDAR-2B antagonism were just briefly mentioned and not explored in depth."
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Khalid N, Shafin N, Long I, Hasim H, Ismail CAN. Targeting N-methyl-D-aspartate 2B receptor in painful diabetic neuropathy – mechanisms, challenges, and emerging therapeutics. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(1): 110108 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i1.110108]
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"This review addresses the emerging challenge of second-line strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progressing after immune checkpoint inhibitor–based combinations. The authors provide a well-structured analysis of ongoing trials and early data, following appropriate standards for a registry-based review.
Tha main strengths are the systematic trial-registry searches, exploring potential biologic tumor resistance to novel approaches and clear tabulation of studies according to treatment.
As stated by the authors, there are some limitations, suggesting that in future studies we need to improve patient selection according to more specific biomarkers and long-term outcome reporting to define optimal sequencing.
In future works, it would be useful to identify predictive biomarkers for ICI rechallenge vs TKI and stratify outcomes by Child-Pugh class, macrovascular invasion, or etiology (metabolic vs viral)."
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Ascari S, Chen R, De Sinno A, Stefanini B, Cescon M, Serenari M, Mosconi C, Tovoli F. Post-immunotherapy second-line strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma: State of the art and ongoing trials. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 111528 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.111528]
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"γGTP is hypersensitive to alcohol,so levels will increase if people have a drinking habit. In most cases, levels will return to normal quickly with a period of moderate or abstinence from alcohol. However,if they don’t decrease,this may indicate liver or pancreatic damage. Elevated γGTP levels may be related to pancreatic cysts. It is common for γGTP levels to be detected during a health checkup and then discovered upon further examination. Cysts can cause pancreatitis and elevate γGTP levels or the cysts itself may be a precursor to pancreatic cancer(IPMN).Therefore,if cyst is detected,it is important to undergo detailed examination such as ERCP and MRCP."
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Qiu MQ, Chen MM, Yang WJ, Qiu WS. Gamma-glutamyl transferase as a redox-gatekeeper biomarker for pancreatic cystic neoplasms: A concise roadmap from epidemiology to bedside. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 114948 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.114948]
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"This meta-analysis addresses the unresolved topic of salvage treatment after incomplete endoscopic resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors. The authors provide an analysis of rigorous methodology, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and adopting appropriate statistical methodology.
Strengths include comprehensive searches across multiple databases, clear outcome definitions, and rigorous bias assessment.
The main takeaways are that ESD (or high-quality modified EMR) should be prioritized for upfront resection, while for post-incomplete resections decisions should be tailored to the patient, considering the generally indolent biology of small rectal NETs.
As stated by the authors, there are some limitations, suggesting that in future studies we need to improve the nature and quality of research on this interesting topic.
Persistent problems include pooling positive and indeterminate margins together with LVI-positive cases. Further stratification by margin status (positive vs indeterminate) and by positive margins vs LVI would be more informative, as margins primarily predict local residuals amenable to endoscopic resection whereas LVI is a strong predictor of nodal disease and may warrant radical surgery.
In future works, it would be useful to: (1) perform separate analyses for positive vs indeterminate margins; (2) analyze outcomes separately for margin positivity vs LVI; (3) incorporate Ki-67-based grading (e.g., ≤5% vs >5–10%) and tumor size as prognostic covariates; and (4) stratify results according to the type of salvage treatment (repeat endoscopic resection, transanal surgery, radical resection)."
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Kim JH, Lee JW, Kim HJ, Hong SM, Park SJ. Is salvage treatment necessary after incomplete resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 113452 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.113452]
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" The manuscript is written well. Its structure is appropriate for this type of article. Ethical approval form meets the requirements. Methods are appropriate and effective. Results are appropriate of methods and are authentic. Tables and biostatistics data are perfect. The references are adequate of topic. Language of article is satisfied."
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Pagani Junior MA, Siman Lopes L, Sergi Filho FA, Goes Scorsioni FA, Tavares Filho MB, Maluf Amaral RP, Medeiros LE, Guillen Carneiro LI, Belluzzo HG, Vinholo TR, Buchaim DV, Buchaim RL. Partial left hepatectomy in a young patient with ruptured hepatic adenoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(2): 114671 [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i2.114671]
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"In this review, the authors critically analyze available second-line treatment options for patients with unresectable HCC who have failed first-line immunotherapy. They analyze available therapeutic approaches and emerging strategies.
So far, the results seem promising, as judged by the complexity and the variety of opportunities for action in this therapeutic space. At the same time, ongoing research is focusing on identifying prognostic biomarkers and optimizing safety.
This review will help researchers and clinicians rationally approach this evolving therapeutic field and chart future directions, aiming to implement personalized, effective treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, which will follow the initial application of immunotherapy."
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Ascari S, Chen R, De Sinno A, Stefanini B, Cescon M, Serenari M, Mosconi C, Tovoli F. Post-immunotherapy second-line strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma: State of the art and ongoing trials. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 111528 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.111528]
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"The authors are commended for presenting a complex clinical case with exemplary clarity. The manuscript’s strengths are its logical flow, thorough description of the multidisciplinary process, and detailed anesthetic management, which will be highly educational for clinicians. This case report is a well-written, educational contribution on managing a complex comorbid condition. It addresses an important clinical dilemma and provides a clear, logical narrative of the multidisciplinary decision-making process. The manuscript is scientifically sound and largely adheres to the CARE guidelines for case reports. However, as a single-case study, its inherent limitations regarding generalizability must be acknowledged. "
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Okada Y, Oishi R, Kimura S, Egi M. Anesthetic and procedural strategy for coexisting severe aortic stenosis and carotid artery stenosis: A case report. World J Surg Proced 2026; 16(1): 115792 [DOI: 10.5412/wjsp.v16.i1.115792]
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"In this review, the authors discuss an important topic of great clinical significance, for which the relevant publications are not commensurate with its value and importance, and for which younger gastroenterologists, in particular, should delve more deeply, devoting time to studying various parameters, including pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic management. A common histological feature of these diseases is atrophy of the small intestinal villi, leading to the characteristic clinical manifestations of malabsorption syndrome. The differential diagnosis should include a wide range of diseases, such as immunological, lymphoproliferative, infectious, iatrogenic, and inflammatory conditions, whose accurate diagnosis remains difficult, at least in some cases, even today. There is a significant need to train young gastroenterologists to diagnose underlying malabsorption syndrome and identify its exact cause, so that an etiological and successful therapeutic approach can be pursued. I congratulate the authors on selecting this topic for analysis."
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Li MH, Wang QP, Ou CZ, Xu TM, Chen Y, Tang H, Zhang Y, Lai YJ, Qin XZ, Li J, Zhou WX, Li JN. Diagnostic clues in patients with clinical malabsorption and pathological small intestinal villous atrophy: Immune-mediated type and beyond. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(2): 111996 [PMID: 41551832 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i2.111996]
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"Thank you for this interesting study pointing at important utilization pattern tha are relevant for clinical considerations concerning prescription also in community setting, for adherence and cost calculations relevant for psychiatric patients. One further though might be to engage into public patinet invovement strategies and also ask patients about their subjective attitude towards these different antipsychotics. Thank you! "
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Haider A, Saha L, Basu D. Patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs and direct medical costs among patients with schizophrenia in a tertiary care hospital. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(1): 109365 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i1.109365]
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"This review article represents a significant and timely contribution to the field. It successfully addresses a critical clinical gap by providing structured, evidence-based guidance tailored to the Japanese healthcare context. Its greatest strength lies in its balanced objectivity, transparent reporting of consensus-building, and its patient-centered, stepwise approach to risk stratification. The paper is well-organized, demonstrates a high degree of objectivity."
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Kamada Y, Sumida Y, Takahashi H, Ishiba H, Kawanaka M, Tada T, Yoneda M, Imajo K, Seko Y, Fujii H, Nakajima A. Noninvasive strategies for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease assessment and referral in Japan. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(2): 114097 [PMID: 41551835 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i2.114097]
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"In this manuscript, the authors performed a meta-analysis of 30 randomized controlled trials involving 16,977 patients to assess whether rectal administration of indomethacin prevents post–endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP).
The results show no statistically significant difference in the risk of PEP between patients who received indomethacin and those who did not. Nevertheless, in the Discussion and Conclusion, the authors present their findings in a way that implies a beneficial effect of rectal indomethacin for PEP prevention.
This clear discrepancy between the reported results and the authors’ interpretation renders the manuscript confusing and undermines the validity of its conclusions."
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Tian F, Huang ZC, Khizar H, Qiu K. Efficacy of indomethacin for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(1): 113232 [PMID: 41551526 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i1.113232]
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"The review clearly articulated why smoking cessation is particularly critical in diabetes, linking smoking to increased complications and mortality. Authors emphasized routine integration into diabetes care is a major practical strength. Physiological (weight gain, insulin sensitivity changes) and psychological barriers were appropriately highlighted, and the need for tailored approaches is reinforced. This framing helps justify why standard cessation models may be insufficient for this population. The identification of varenicline as the agent with the strongest evidence in people with diabetes is appropriate and clinically useful. The cautious tone regarding nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion was justified because of limited diabetes-specific data. Inclusion of harm reduction strategies, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and digital tools reflects contemporary practice and emerging research directions. The call for pragmatic trials and long-term strategies is well aligned with current gaps in evidence.
However, the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists is interesting but somewhat speculative. Explicitly acknowledging that evidence for a direct effect on smoking cessation is indirect or preliminary would improve scientific rigor.
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Russo C, Walicka M, Cohen G, Bellanca CM, Geraci G, Caponnetto P, Noviello DE, Chianetta R, George J, Sammut R, Franek E, Polosa R. Addressing the dual challenge: Managing smoking cessation in patients with diabetes. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(12): 105241 [PMID: 41480599 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i12.105241]
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"Dear colleagues!
I read with interest your manuscript Artificial intelligence in functional gastrointestinal disorders: From precision diagnosis to preventive healthcare, published in Artif Intell Gastroenterol 2026; 7(1): 112357. The topic is really actual and in your paper, you addressed important aspects of implementation of artificial intelligence to this specific field.
For sure, FGIDs have common pathogenetic features; however, the overlap in the underling mechanisms between each of the disorders relatively low. This makes development of the integrative algorithms for diagnosis, differentiation and treatment (especially personalized) difficult. And this highlights the complexity of your task - to cover all these aspects in one mini-review. I hope that you will continue your work. Given the complexity of integrative coverage of all aspects of AI application in functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, perhaps you can prepare separate, more specific materials for each of the diseases. I believe that such material would also be of interest to the readers."
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Yan YN, Zeng JQ, Ding X. Artificial intelligence in functional gastrointestinal disorders: From precision diagnosis to preventive healthcare. Artif Intell Gastroenterol 2026; 7(1): 112357 [DOI: 10.35712/aig.v7.i1.112357]
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"• Pringle is an important technique in lap liver surgery, but if a patient has previously undergone gallbladder removal or gastric surgery, strong adhesions can make it difficult to reach the hepatoduodenal ligament. However, the authors' method of using the ligamentum teres hepatis seems to be a good technique. It has been mentioned that there have been cases where the IVC or right renal vein has been damaged when the technique was inexperienced. Please explain this. Also, please explain what efforts are being made to prevent intestinal adhesions to the hepatoduodenal ligament in the future.
•
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Kawano Y, Murokawa T, Aoki Y, Hamaguchi A, Ono T, Haruna T, Yoshimori D, Irie T, Ueda J, Shimizu T, Matsushita A, Kawashima M, Ga R, Furuki H, Kanda T, Oshiro Y, Minamimura K, Yoshioka M, Taniai N, Nakamura Y, Yoshida H. Utility of liver surface-guided encirclement of hepatoduodenal ligament for the Pringle maneuver in minimally invasive repeat liver resection. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(1): 113470 [PMID: 41551534 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i1.113470]
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"Congratulations on the publication of your paper. I read it promptly and found it extremely interesting. The quality of the manuscript is very high, and it incorporates novel findings, making it a highly valuable contribution. For these reasons, I would like to award it first prize without any reservation. It has been a long time since I last encountered such an outstanding paper. It is truly impressive that you have produced so many publications to date. I sincerely encourage you to continue your efforts in writing papers for the advancement of medicine, and I wish you continued success in your career. Thank you very much."
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Usuda D, Furukawa D, Imaizumi R, Ono R, Kaneoka Y, Nakajima E, Kato M, Sugawara Y, Shimizu R, Inami T, Kawai K, Matsubara S, Tanaka R, Suzuki M, Shimozawa S, Hotchi Y, Osugi I, Katou R, Ito S, Mishima K, Kondo A, Mizuno K, Takami H, Komatsu T, Nomura T, Sugita M. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Edwardsiella tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2026; 14(1): 115102 [PMID: 41551684 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i1.115102]
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"This meta-analysis found that rectal indomethacin did not differ significantly from placebo in PEP incidence. However, the pharmacological safety profile was very satisfactory with no significant increase in adverse events compared with the control group. The evidence was more substantial in high-risk patients. It is known that, given this satisfactory safety profile, many centers administer NSAIDs rectally. The authors conclude with the recommendation that “Rectal indomethacin appears to be safe and may offer benefit in selected high-risk patients, though findings should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity”.
The meta-analysis's obvious conclusion is that the drug is ineffective when administered before ERCP. However, in an attempt to mitigate the effects, the authors agree to “accept the results with caution.”
PEP is known to be the most common serious complication of ERCP, occurring in approximately 3.5% to 15% of cases, and up to 25% in high-risk groups. According to the latest clinical guidelines (including ASGE 2023 and IAP 2025 updates), a multi-modal approach is the standard of care. Prevention strategies are divided into patient selection, pharmacological prophylaxis, and procedural techniques. The Summary Protocol for 2026 recommends the following: For Universal Prophylaxis, Rectal Indomethacin 100 mg for all patients + moderate hydration, and for High-Risk Prophylaxis: Rectal NSAIDs + Aggressive Lactated Ringer's + Prophylactic PD Stent.
I think that such vital clinical issues are best resolved through international consensus, which will provide clear, universally accepted guidelines."
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Tian F, Huang ZC, Khizar H, Qiu K. Efficacy of indomethacin for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(1): 113232 [PMID: 41551526 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i1.113232]
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"I would like to commend the authors for an exceptionally comprehensive and timely review on strategies to optimize mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for tendon-bone healing. I found the sections on MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes particularly insightful. The manuscript effectively highlights the advantages of EV-based, cell-free therapies, including lower immunogenicity, reduced tumorigenic risk, and the ability to mediate paracrine effects similar to parent MSCs, positioning them as a promising modality for tendon-bone regeneration.
The discussion of strategies to enhance EV efficacy, such as preconditioning of parent MSCs (hypoxia, LIPUS, magnetic stimulation, and pharmacological agents) and engineering delivery platforms (endogenous/exogenous loading, surface modifications for targeted delivery), is highly relevant for translational applications. I especially appreciated the emphasis on exosome-mediated modulation of macrophage polarization, promotion of angiogenesis, and enhancement of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, which highlights their mechanistic versatility.
While the manuscript provides excellent mechanistic insight and preclinical evidence, a brief discussion on challenges in EV translation—such as scalable production, stability, standardization of dosing, and regulatory considerations—could further strengthen the practical relevance. Nonetheless, this focused review of MSC-derived EVs significantly contributes to the field by showcasing both the potential and current hurdles of cell-free therapies for tendon-bone healing."
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Li H, Li ZP, Zhu MT, Lan CH, Wang YX, Liao P, Chen Z, Wang P, Sun JK, Shi Z, Lu PY, Lou C, Xu GH. Optimizing mesenchymal stem cell therapy for tendon-bone healing: Multifaceted approaches and future directions. World J Stem Cells 2025; 17(12): 114076 [PMID: 41480394 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i12.114076]
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"The ethical approval provided by the author meet the requirements.
This report provided a rare case report, with educational significance.
Of “It is a safe and reliable approach for OT treatment, which
offers the advantages of minimal trauma, mild postoperative pain, and rapid recovery for stylistic precision”. It’s not adequate in this section.
Of “Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT plays a crucial role in diagnosing OT, and laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective diagnostic and therapeutic approach” in the conclusion. It’s not adequate to address “and laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective diagnostic and therapeutic approach” in the “Conclusion”.
Structure of relative description was not adequate. Discussion needs not involve much about other aspects of omental torsion other than imaging diagnosis, it should focus on imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis, especially contrast-enhanced CT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Compared to CT, contrast-enhanced CT has higher sensitivity and specificity in the visualization of the omental vascular running and contrast perfusion, and has better ability to determine whether there is ischemia and associate secondary change.
“whirlpool sign” is unique for the diagnosis of omental torsion.
Duplex ultrasound can find “whirlpool sign” and loss of color signal of vascualrity in some cases of omental torsion. It should be addressed that color Doppler flow imaging is usually not able to detect blood vessels in the great omentum. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can find defect of vascular perfusion in the region of the great omentum with necrosis, while there was discussion on this technique.
It should be addressed that “whirlpool sign” can only be detected in part cases of omental torsion.
Ovary torsion has “whirlpool sign” and abdominal emergency, and differential diagnosis is required.
The report was written in English awkwardly, not meeting native English and standardized professional expression.
Of Figure 1. There were no arrows to indicate “whirlpool sign” of omental torsion.
Of “(hematoxylin and eosin, × 50)” in Figure 4. “× 50” does not follow routine practice, and it may be mistaken.
"
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Li YL, Fan JX, Yang Y, Yao MQ, Jiang YP. Omental torsion diagnosed by abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography: A case report. World J Radiol 2025; 17(12): 114398 [PMID: 41480291 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v17.i12.114398]
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"This is very interesting paper about the relationship between IBD and Alzheimer’s. Recent studies suggest that patients with IBD ( UC and chronic ) have a significantly higher about 2.5 times risk of developing dementia,including Alzheimer’s disease and are diagnosed at a younger age. This association may be due to the intestinal inflammation caused by IBD, disruption of intestinal flora and dysfunction of the gut-brain axis sharing a common pathway with the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease (such as amyloid beta accumulation),and it is possible that improving the intestinal environment may lead to the prevention of dementia."
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Durairajan SSK, Singh AK, Sulaiman SM, Patnaik S, Krishnamoorthi S, Iyaswamy A, Vellingiri B, Yang CB, Williams LL. Molecular links between inflammatory bowel disease and Alzheimer’s disease through immune signaling and inflammatory pathways. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(48): 111301 [PMID: 41480321 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i48.111301]
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"Bouveret syndrome is a rare form of gallstone ileus, presenting as gastric outlet obstruction due to a large gallstone that has migrated through a biliogastric or bilioduodenal fistula.This manuscript is a well-written and presented rarely case report.Bouveret Syndrome primarily affects elderly patients. The authors point out that it may also occur in young individuals. I think that this manuscript is worth to publication."
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Hu YC, Chen XY, Cao MK, Fan Z. Bouveret syndrome in a young patient: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(12): 113532 [PMID: 41479725 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i12.113532]
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"This study clearly highlights the importance and contribution of AI in the diagnosis of rectal neuroendocrine tumors in daily clinical practice. It is known that rectal endocrine tumors present significant diagnostic difficulties because they are often considered as hyperplastic polyps and are either not removed and therefore not subjected to histological evaluation, or are removed as normal polyps. The consequence is that diagnosis is delayed or requires subsequent complementary imaging and/or endoscopic examination.
The authors developed an image analysis and detection model for rectal neuroendocrine tumors using the YOLOv7 algorithm. This algorithm demonstrated significant diagnostic accuracy, exceeding that of most endoscopes with which it was compared.
It has been repeatedly emphasized that AI is expected to revolutionize the diagnosis of many gastrointestinal diseases, including rectal endocrine tumors. We experience this to a large extent in daily clinical practice. However, it should be emphasized that the effectiveness of this system in detecting neuroendocrine rectal tumors should be investigated and evaluated in future large, multicenter studies."
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Liu K, Wang ZY, Yi LZ, Li F, He SH, Zhang XG, Lai CX, Li ZJ, Qiu L, Zhang RY, Wu W, Lin Y, Yang H, Liu GM, Guan QS, Zhao ZF, Cheng LM, Dai J, Bai Y, Xie F, Zhang MN, Chen SZ, Zhong XF. Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis of rectal neuroendocrine tumors during white-light endoscopy. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(48): 112683 [PMID: 41480324 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i48.112683]
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"1. The authors have projected the cardiotoxicity as a sequel of chemotherapy relevant to LMIC in perspective, documenting the follow up timings
2. The importance of the follow up and its necessity is also well brought out in the light of current literature
3. The relevance of cardiotoxicity lies in the drug / regime and the dosage. Especially if the patient was administered more than the expected maximal dosage. This can be included for better understanding. "
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Ali W, Mehmood A, Surani S. Chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity: Bridging the gap between evidence and practice. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(36): 114228 [PMID: 41480053 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i36.114228]
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"1. The difference of a squamous cell ca in a viscera, in comparison to that in the superficial skin site can be brought out in terms of presentation, prognosis / management / tumor behaviour, etc
2. When to suspect a similar lesion can be highlighted for the benefit of readers
3. The conclusion section can avoid summary of the manuscript, rather can include a crisp take home message on the index case."
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Li QQ, Wei J, Fang LY, Zhou JL, Zhao HF. Primary ileal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(36): 111835 [PMID: 41480057 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i36.111835]
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"The article entitled Evolving trends in hepatitis A epidemiology: Shifting patterns, emerging risks, and future strategies is well written article but some comments to be considered:
- Most of the studies included in the review article depend on seroprevalence of the disease that is mean it depend on detection of antibodies which of course of low speceficity as diagnosis of HAV infection must depend on isolation of the virus by real time PCR especially in endemic areas to avoid false positive results.
- There is some redunduncy and reptition of the data (e.g Endemicity in the era of vaccination and improving living standards -- Changing epidemiology of hepatitis A
"
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Majeed AA, Sarfraz M, Butt AS. Evolving trends in hepatitis A epidemiology: Shifting patterns, emerging risks, and future strategies. World J Virol 2025; 14(4): 112590 [PMID: 41479578 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i4.112590]
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" The manuscript is written well. Its structure is appropriate for this type of article. Ethical approval form meets the requirements. Methods are appropriate and effective. Results are appropriate of methods and are authentic. Tables and biostatistics data are perfect. The references are adequate of topic. Language of article is satisfied."
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Huang K. Influence of obesity on the patient’s recovery after laparoscopic surgery. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(36): 115269 [PMID: 41480056 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i36.115269]
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" The manuscript is written well. Its structure is appropriate for this type of article. Ethical approval form meets the requirements. Methods are appropriate and effective. Results are appropriate of methods and are authentic. Tables and biostatistics data are perfect. The references are adequate of topic. Language of article is satisfied."
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Taha R, Elsayed G, Mohamed L, Gadour E. Beyond biliary causes, fish bone perforation as a rare etiology of recurrent fever in a post-Whipple patient: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(36): 114956 [PMID: 41480059 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i36.114956]
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" The manuscript is written well. Its structure is appropriate for this type of article. Ethical approval form meets the requirements. Methods are appropriate and effective. Results are appropriate of methods and are authentic. Tables and biostatistics data are perfect. The references are adequate of topic. Language of article is satisfied."
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Li QQ, Wei J, Fang LY, Zhou JL, Zhao HF. Primary ileal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(36): 111835 [PMID: 41480057 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i36.111835]
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"In this study, the authors describe a patient with severe ulcerative colitis resistant to treatment and comorbid health problems who responded favorably and without side effects to the combined treatment of an α4β7 integrin antagonist (vedolizumab) and an interleukin 23p19 inhibitor (mirikizumab).
This case reinforces the view, expressed over the last few years, of the need to combine two biological agents in treatment-resistant inflammatory bowel disease and in treatment-resistant patients with extraintestinal manifestations.
Personally, I believe we will be led to adopt the above recommendation in the near future. What remains is the approval and adoption of this recommendation by the pharmaceutical companies manufacturing biological agents, so they can conduct extensive, multicenter studies and avoid being limited to descriptions of individual cases or series from specialized centers with very small patient numbers."
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Guimarães AC, Ferreiro-Iglesias R, Calviño-Suarez C, Baston-Rey I, Barreiro-de Acosta M. Dual biologic therapy in patient with refractory ulcerative colitis and comorbidities: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(47): 113381 [PMID: 41479760 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i47.113381]
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"1 Ethics: Does the ethical approval form provided by the author meet the requirements?
Not applicable.
2 Methods: Is the experimental method effective? Can it be repeated by fellow researchers (according to adequate textual/citation content presented)?
Not applicable.
3 Results: Are the results true and authentic? Is the theory or hypothesis of universal significance validated or partially validated?
Not applicable.
4 Figures and tables: Does the author provide perfect tables, line charts and/or graphs? Or, does the author provide figures and tables that are confusing, poorly constructed and/or not well-annotated?
Yes.
5 Biostatistics: Does the author provide perfect biostatistics data? Or, does the author provide tables and line charts that have mistakes in the data?
Not applicable.
6 References: Does the author scientifically and reasonably cite the latest references which are important in this field and related to the scientific problems and research hypotheses addressed in the study? Or, does the author self-cite, omit, mis-cite and/or over-cite references?
Yes.
7 Language: Does the language in article correctly, clearly and concisely express the information? Or, does the article have multiple grammatical and spelling mistakes?
Yes.
8 Caveats or drawbacks: What are the caveats or drawbacks for the results?
They didn't provide many new ideas."
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Li H, Li ZP, Zhu MT, Lan CH, Wang YX, Liao P, Chen Z, Wang P, Sun JK, Shi Z, Lu PY, Lou C, Xu GH. Optimizing mesenchymal stem cell therapy for tendon-bone healing: Multifaceted approaches and future directions. World J Stem Cells 2025; 17(12): 114076 [PMID: 41480394 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i12.114076]
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"These findings illuminate the pivotal role of YY1 in driving the progression of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis through the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). From a molecular vantage point, this study stands as a compelling testament to rigorous scientific inquiry, underpinned by a wealth of robust experimental evidence that substantiates its central claims.
Here I only offer a suggestion and reference. In fact, cancer is a complex pathological ecosystem rather than a simple genetic disease. However, the current mainstream research perspective is greatly influenced by the "somatic mutation" theory, often believing that genes and molecules are the ultimate essence of cancer. However, such a linear reductionist view has not brought about fundamental improvements in prognosis in clinical practice, such as in targeted therapy. I believe that in the post-genomic era, we should think more about the occurrence and development of cancer from the perspectives of ecology and evolution rather than being confined to the molecular level. As I pointed out in the "Rethinking Cancer" column for the 110th anniversary of the Chinese Medical Association (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40443342/), the key to understanding such a complex systemic disease as tumors does not lie in the relentless pursuit of genes and molecules. It can be said that the role and function (promoting or inhibiting cancer, driver, passenger or neutral) of a single gene mutation in cancer cells depend on the environment and ecological niche in which they are located. By the way, I kindly recommend the authors and your team explore the book "Rethinking Cancer" (Strauss B. et al., 2021), which is also available in Chinese version (2024, Tsinghua University Press). This book might offer a refreshing and insightful perspective on human cancers, which could help guide future research and practice and better assist in improving patient prognosis."
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Chen JW, Ouyang JJ, Wang ZH, Ma DM, Zhang Z, Teng Q, Yu G, Li XY. Yin Yang 1 activates JAK-STAT3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer progression. World J Clin Oncol 2025; 16(12): 112626 [PMID: 41480166 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i12.112626]
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