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12/4/2025 8:55:22 AM | Browse: 8 | Download: 20
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Received |
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2025-06-26 04:04 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2025-06-26 04:04 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2025-07-08 07:02 |
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Return for Revision |
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2025-07-08 07:02 |
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Revised |
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2025-07-15 02:51 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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2025-07-16 19:43 |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2025-10-10 02:40 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2025-10-10 09:59 |
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Articles in Press |
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2025-10-10 09:59 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2025-10-30 00:25 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2025-12-04 06:40 |
| ISSN |
1949-8454 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology |
| Manuscript Type |
Review |
| Article Title |
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of pentadecanoic acid
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| Manuscript Source |
Unsolicited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Joseph Mercola |
| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Joseph Mercola, Researcher, . drm@mercola.com |
| Key Words |
Pentadecanoic acid; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors; Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase; Mitochondrial bioenergetics; Histone deacetylase six inhibition; Anti-inflammatory signaling; Odd chain saturated fatty acids; Metabolic health; Nutraceutical potential |
| Core Tip |
Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) is portrayed as the first essential odd-chain saturated fat that ignites fat-burning through partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/δ agonism, activates AMP-activated protein kinase while damping mechanistic target of rapamycin, revives complex II via succinate anaplerosis, and uniquely inhibits cancer-linked histone deacetylase 6. It also blocks Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor kappa B, using the BioMAP® human-primary-cell platform – which tests 12 distinct primary human cell systems such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and T-cells – C15:0 (17 µM) produced statistically significant changes in 36 mechanistically diverse biomarkers. By eliciting broad, multi-pathway modulation that mirrors the phenotype produced by metformin and rapamycin – yet with no detectable cytotoxicity – C15:0 emerges as a safe, affordable “nutrapharmaceutical” poised to counter metabolic, inflammatory, and age-related diseases. |
| Publish Date |
2025-12-04 06:40 |
| Citation |
Mercola J. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of pentadecanoic acid. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(4): 111258 |
| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8454/full/v16/i4/111258.htm |
| DOI |
https://dx.doi.org/10.4331/wjbc.v16.i4.111258 |
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