Publication Name	World Journal of Meta-Analysis
Manuscript ID	44816
Country	United Kingdom

Received	2018-11-29 05:34
Peer-Review Started	2018-11-29 06:59
To Make the First Decision	2018-12-17 07:04
Return for Revision	2018-12-24 01:19
Revised	2019-01-21 00:13
Second Decision	2019-01-21 03:06
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2019-01-21 04:39
Articles in Press	2019-01-21 04:39
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2019-01-28 06:21
Publish the Manuscript Online	2019-02-21 02:06

ISSN	2308-3840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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Category	Medicine, Research & Experimental
Manuscript Type	Meta-Analysis
Article Title	Misclassification of smoking habits: An updated review of the literature
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Janette S Hamling, Katharine J Coombs and Peter N Lee
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Peter N Lee, MA, MSc, Director, Director, Senior Statistician, Statistics, P.N. Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., 17 Cedar Road, Sutton SM2 5DA, United Kingdom. peterlee@pnlee.co.uk
Key Words	Misclassification; Smoking; Cotinine; Cigarettes; Tobacco use; E-cigarettes; Passive smoking; Bias; Systematic review; Meta-analysis
Core Tip	We update a meta-analysis of evidence on accuracy of reported smoking, using cotinine as a marker. From 200+ studies, we estimated various misclassification rates. True smokers represented 3.00% (2.45%-3.54%) of reported never smokers and 10.92% (9.23%-12.61%) of reported ex-smokers. Reported never and ex-smokers formed 5.70% (3.20%-8.20%) and 8.93% (6.57%-11.29%) of true smokers. Falsely claiming never smoking was extremely common in Asian women. Rates of falsely claiming quitting were high in pregnant women and diseased individuals advised to quit. Smoking misclassification causes overestimation of true passive smoking relationships, a problem exacerbated by increasing misclassification rates in recently published studies.
Publish Date	2019-02-21 02:06
Citation	Hamling JS, Coombs KJ, Lee PN. Misclassification of smoking habits: An updated review of the literature. World J Meta-Anal 2019; 7(2): 31-50
URL	https://www.wjgnet.com/2308-3840/full/v7/i2/31.htm
DOI	https://dx.doi.org/10.13105/wjma.v7.i2.31

Full Article (PDF)	WJMA-7-31.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJMA-7-31.docx
PRISMA 2009 Checklist	44816-PRISMA-2009-Checklist-revision.pdf
Manuscript File	44816-Review.docx
Answering Reviewers	44816-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	44816-Audio core tip.mp3
Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure Form	44816-Conflict-of-interest statement.pdf
Copyright License Agreement	44816-Copyright license agreement.pdf
Supplementary Material	44816-Supplementary material.docx
Peer-review Report	44816-Peer-review(s).pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	44816-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	44816-Scientific editor work list.pdf