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10/26/2020 6:01:08 AM | Browse: 513 | Download: 1005
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Received |
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2020-04-27 10:14 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2020-04-27 10:15 |
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To Make the First Decision |
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Return for Revision |
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2020-08-09 15:56 |
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Revised |
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2020-08-18 17:45 |
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Second Decision |
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2020-09-14 10:33 |
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Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief |
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Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief |
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2020-09-14 19:46 |
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Articles in Press |
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2020-09-14 19:46 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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2020-09-20 01:30 |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2020-10-18 07:44 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2020-10-24 02:27 |
| ISSN |
1948-5182 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Virology |
| Manuscript Type |
Basic Study |
| Article Title |
Hepatitis B virus detected in paper currencies in a densely populated city of India: A plausible source of horizontal transmission?
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Palashpriya Das, Ruchi Supekar, Ritika Chatterjee, Subrata Roy, Anisa Ghosh and Subhajit Biswas |
| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
| Funding Agency |
Grant Number |
| Institutional Grant by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata |
MLP-118 |
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| Corresponding Author |
Subhajit Biswas, DVSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India. subhajit.biswas@iicb.res.in |
| Key Words |
Hepatitis B virus; Contamination; Paper currencies; Occult hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B virus surface antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Horizontal transmission |
| Core Tip |
The recent upsurge in HBV infections in eastern India prompted the search for this virus in low denomination paper notes in this region. Applying saliva on finger tips for enumerating currency notes is a common practice. Thus, paper currencies may be a potential source of “horizontal” HBV transmission, especially if there are cuts/bruises on the oral mucous membrane or skin. We discovered that, intact HBV particles are present in about 7.14% of the currencies. Molecular analysis and immunoassays suggested that the circulating HBV are “occult” in nature, hence capable of “silent transmission” in the general population. |
| Publish Date |
2020-10-24 02:27 |
| Citation |
Das P, Supekar R, Chatterjee R, Roy S, Ghosh A, Biswas S. Hepatitis B virus detected in paper currencies in a densely populated city of India: A plausible source of horizontal transmission? World J Hepatol 2020; 12(10): 775-791 |
| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i10/775.htm |
| DOI |
https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v12.i10.775 |
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