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Articles Published Processes
2/6/2026 6:30:41 AM | Browse: 48 | Download: 108
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Received |
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2025-09-19 08:12 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2025-09-19 08:12 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2025-09-25 09:07 |
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Return for Revision |
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2025-09-25 09:07 |
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Revised |
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2025-09-28 08:31 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2025-12-15 02:40 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2025-12-15 09:15 |
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Articles in Press |
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2025-12-15 09:15 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2026-02-02 00:56 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2026-02-06 06:30 |
| ISSN |
2218-4333 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
| Manuscript Type |
Minireviews |
| Article Title |
Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment shape pancreatic cancer unresponsive to current immunotherapies
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Zong-Yang Li, Si-Yu Peng, Fei-Long Li and Hong-Qiao Cai |
| ORCID |
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| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Hong-Qiao Cai, Associate Professor, MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China. hongqiaocai@jlu.edu.cn |
| Key Words |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment; Regulatory T cells; Myeloid-derived suppressor cells; Tumor-associated macrophages |
| Core Tip |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is characterized by a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment dominated by regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages. These cells form a synergistic network that promotes immune evasion and resistance to immunotherapy. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have revealed cellular heterogeneity and identified novel therapeutic targets. Emerging strategies focus on depleting or reprogramming these immunosuppressive populations, often in combination with checkpoint blockade or chemotherapy. A multi-target approach is essential to convert pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from an immunologically “cold” to “hot” tumor and improve patient outcomes. |
| Publish Date |
2026-02-06 06:30 |
| Citation |
Li ZY, Peng SY, Li FL, Cai HQ. Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment shape pancreatic cancer unresponsive to current immunotherapies. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(2): 114423 |
| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v17/i2/114423.htm |
| DOI |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i2.114423 |
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