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Articles Published Processes
8/19/2026 1:55:08 AM | Browse: 0 | Download: 0
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Received |
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2026-01-29 01:59 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2026-01-29 02:03 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-02-14 07:51 |
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Return for Revision |
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2026-02-14 07:51 |
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Revised |
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2026-03-05 01:59 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2026-04-20 02:54 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-04-20 06:41 |
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Articles in Press |
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2026-04-20 06:41 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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2026-04-28 22:22 |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2026-08-11 02:51 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2026-08-19 01:55 |
| ISSN |
1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. |
| Copyright |
©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
| Manuscript Type |
Review |
| Article Title |
Liver-spleen axis: Deciphering a crucial crosstalk in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease progression and therapeutic implications
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Giovanni Tarantino and Vincenzo Citro |
| ORCID |
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| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Giovanni Tarantino, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Medical School, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Hepatology in Internal Medicine Section, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy. tarantin@unina.it, Naples 80131, Italy. tarantin@unina.it |
| Key Words |
Immune cells; Diagnostic imaging; Spleen longitudinal diameter at ultrasound; Portal circulation; Chronic inflammation; Comorbidities; Central nervous system involvement; Therapeutic approach |
| Core Tip |
Traditional models of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease focus on the “liver-adipose-gut axis”, but emerging evidence establishes the “liver-spleen axis” as a critical immunometabolic rheostat. The spleen is not a passive bystander; it acts as an active “priming station” where metabolic stress triggers immune reprogramming. Splenic monocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha) are deployed via the portal circulation to the liver, accelerating steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Clinically, spleen longitudinal diameter measured by ultrasound and splenic metabolic activity assessed via positron emission tomography/computed tomography serve as high-reliability, non-invasive biomarkers of disease severity. Targeting this axis—through pharmacological agents like statins or neuroimmune modulation—offers a novel frontier for precision diagnostics and interventions to halt the progression of metabolic and systemic inflammatory decay. |
| Publish Date |
2026-08-19 01:55 |
| Citation |
Tarantino G, Citro V. Liver-spleen axis: Deciphering a crucial crosstalk in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease progression and therapeutic implications. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(34): 119467
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| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i34/119467.htm |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.119467 |
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