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6/16/2026 8:10:09 AM | Browse: 0 | Download: 0
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Received |
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2026-03-09 06:45 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2026-03-09 06:58 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-04-21 10:03 |
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Return for Revision |
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2026-04-21 10:03 |
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Revised |
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2026-04-27 15:49 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2026-06-10 02:33 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-06-10 03:38 |
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Articles in Press |
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2026-06-10 03:38 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2026-06-10 09:41 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2026-06-16 08:10 |
| ISSN |
2220-315x (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Endocrinology & Metabolism |
| Manuscript Type |
Minireviews |
| Article Title |
Melatonin supplementation, hyperprolactinemia, and incident heart failure: A proposed prolactin-mediated pathway for cardiovascular risk
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Christos Savvidis, Costas Thomopoulos and Ioannis Ilias |
| ORCID |
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| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Ioannis Ilias, Director, MD, PhD, Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, No. 63 Evrou Street, Athens 11527, Greece. iiliasmd@yahoo.com |
| Key Words |
Melatonin; Prolactin; Heart failure; Peripartum cardiomyopathy; Hyperprolactinemia; Oxidative stress |
| Core Tip |
A single unpublished conference abstract reported an association between ≥ 1 year of melatonin therapy in adults with insomnia and increased new-onset heart failure, heart failure hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Confounding by indication (insomnia as an independent cardiovascular risk factor) has not been excluded. We propose a speculative, hypothesis-generating mechanistic pathway involving prolactin (PRL): Melatonin may modulate hypothalamic dopaminergic tone, potentially increasing PRL release. Whether chronic melatonin use sustains hyperprolactinemia is an unconfirmed critical knowledge gap. In susceptible cardiovascular milieus with elevated oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, if sustained hyperprolactinemia occurs, it might theoretically favor PRL cleavage to the cardiotoxic 16-kDa fragment implicated in peripartum cardiomyopathy. This hypothesis requires validation in prospective studies before clinical implications can be drawn. |
| Publish Date |
2026-06-16 08:10 |
| Citation |
Savvidis C, Thomopoulos C, Ilias I. Melatonin supplementation, hyperprolactinemia, and incident heart failure: A proposed prolactin-mediated pathway for cardiovascular risk. World J Exp Med 2026; 16(2): 120754
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| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-315x/full/v16/i2/120754.htm |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v16.i2.120754 |
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