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Articles Published Processes
7/29/2026 2:24:21 AM | Browse: 0 | Download: 0
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Received |
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2026-03-10 00:33 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2026-03-10 00:33 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-06-05 06:20 |
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Return for Revision |
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2026-06-05 23:14 |
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Revised |
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2026-06-16 17:02 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2026-07-07 02:57 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2026-07-07 06:06 |
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Articles in Press |
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2026-07-07 06:06 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2026-07-23 00:50 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2026-07-29 02:24 |
| ISSN |
2220-6132 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
| Manuscript Type |
Minireviews |
| Article Title |
Esophageal varices in pregnancy: Strategies to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Meenakshi Rajput and Adarsh kumar |
| ORCID |
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| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Adarsh kumar, Associate Professor, DM, MD, Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar East, Near AIIMS Metro Station, 110029, New Delhi, India. adarshnephro081@gmail.com |
| Key Words |
Esophageal varices; Pregnancy; Portal hypertension; Variceal bleeding; Prophylaxis |
| Core Tip |
Portal hypertension in pregnancy poses challenges due to physiological changes in blood flow, variceal progression, and the risk of liver decompensation. Preconception counseling and early risk assessment are essential, focusing on prior variceal bleeding, variceal size, thrombocytopenia, and liver disease severity. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy should ideally be done before conception; if not, it can be safely performed in the second trimester when clinically indicated, with minimal sedation and proper maternal positioning. For primary prophylaxis, non-selective beta-blocker (NSBB) is preferred, with endoscopic variceal ligation as an alternative when NSBBs are contraindicated or not tolerated. Optimal care requires a multidisciplinary team in a specialized center. Current hepatology guidelines provide limited pregnancy-specific recommendations; this review consolidates the available evidence with existing clinical experience in managing portal hypertension during pregnancy. |
| Publish Date |
2026-07-29 02:24 |
| Citation |
Rajput M, kumar A. Esophageal varices in pregnancy: Strategies to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes. World J Transl Med 2026; 12(2): 120845
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| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6132/full/v12/i2/120845.htm |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5528/wjtm.120845 |
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