Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	17907
Country	Germany

Received	2015-03-29 12:52
Peer-Review Started	2015-03-30 19:20
To Make the First Decision	2015-06-02 13:29
Return for Revision	2015-06-06 15:30
Revised	2015-06-30 04:17
Second Decision	2015-09-12 21:53
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2015-09-14 11:01
Articles in Press	2015-09-14 11:01
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor	2015-10-19 18:34
Typeset the Manuscript	2015-11-13 16:54
Publish the Manuscript Online	2015-12-06 13:18

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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Category	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manuscript Type	Case Report
Article Title	First case report of exacerbated ulcerative colitis after anti-interleukin-6R salvage therapy
Manuscript Source	Unsolicited Manuscript
All Author List	Raja Atreya, Ulrike Billmeier, Timo Rath, Jonas Mudter, Michael Vieth, Helmut Neumann and Markus F Neurath
Funding Agency and Grant Number	Funding Agency Grant Number Clinical Research Group 257 CEDER of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Corresponding Author	Markus F Neurath, MD, Professor of Medicine, Medical Clinic 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. markus.neurath@uk-erlangen.de
Key Words	Ulcerative colitis; Interleukin-6; Epithelial barrier; Anti-interleukin-6R antibody; Inflammation; Endomicroscopy; Apoptosis; Cytokines
Core Tip	Interleukin (IL)-6 is regarded as a pro-inflammatory cytokine in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Unexpectedly, this first reported case describes that anti-IL-6R antibody treatment led to aggravated inflammation in a severe ulcerative colitis patient. Mechanistic studies revealed that anti-IL-6R treatment failed to suppress intestinal IL-6 production, impaired epithelial barrier function and induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our case report demonstrates that differential res-ponsiveness of target cells has to be taken into account in therapeutic approaches, as IL-6 promotes mucosal inflammation via soluble IL-6R signaling, but also strongly contributes to epithelial cell survival via mIL-6R signaling.
Publish Date	2015-12-06 13:18
Citation	Atreya R, Billmeier U, Rath T, Mudter J, Vieth M, Neumann H, Neurath MF. First case report of exacerbated ulcerative colitis after anti-interleukin-6R salvage therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(45): 12963-12969
URL	http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v21/i45/12963.htm
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i45.12963

Full Article (PDF)	WJG-21-12963.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJG-21-12963.doc
Manuscript File	17907-Review.doc
Answering Reviewers	17907-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	17907-Audio core tip.wav
Copyright License Agreement	17907-Copyright assignment.pdf
Institutional Review Board Approval Form or Document	17907-Institutional review board statement.pdf
Peer-review Report	17907-Peer-review(s).pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	17907-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	17907-Scientific editor work list.pdf