Publication Name	World Journal of Methodology
Manuscript ID	18245
Country	China

Received	2015-04-13 17:58
Peer-Review Started	2015-04-18 19:08
To Make the First Decision	2015-06-03 15:00
Return for Revision	2015-06-08 17:57
Revised	2015-06-12 00:17
Second Decision	2015-07-29 16:18
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief	2015-07-29 23:41
Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief	2015-08-14 16:35
Articles in Press	2015-08-14 16:35
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2015-08-31 20:52
Publish the Manuscript Online	2015-09-16 14:40

ISSN	2222-0682 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Article Reprints	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
Permissions	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
Publisher	Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
Website	http://www.wjgnet.com

Category	Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manuscript Type	Editorial
Article Title	Methodological challenges to control for immortal time bias in addressing drug effects in type 2 diabetes
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Xi-Lin Yang, Xiao-Xu Huo and Juliana CN Chan
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Dr. Xi-Lin Yang, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China. yangxilin@tmu.edu.cn
Key Words	Pharmacoepidemiological analysis; Immortal time bias; Drug effects; Prevalent drug user bias; Drug indication bias; Type 2 diabetes
Core Tip	There are multiple biases in using observational studies to examine treatment effects. These biases include those due to prevalent drug users, immortal time and drug indications that must be taken into consideration. In this regard, we used drugs with proven effects in randomized controlled trials and applied those proposed methods by other groups to estimate their effects in a prospective cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. Our results highlighted the importance of validating adjustment methods for immortal time and drug use indications before applying them to addressing research questions, so to avoid making erroneous conclusions.
Publish Date	2015-09-16 14:40
Citation	Yang XL, Huo XX, Chan JCN. Methodological challenges to control for immortal time bias in addressing drug effects in type 2 diabetes. World J Methodol 2015; 5(3): 122-126
URL	http://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v5/i3/122.htm
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v5.i3.122

Full Article (PDF)	WJM-5-122.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJM-5-122.doc
Manuscript File	18245-Review.doc
Answering Reviewers	18245-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	18245-Audio core tip.wma
Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure Form	18245-Conflict-of-interest statement.pdf
Copyright License Agreement	18245-Copyright assignment.pdf
Peer-review Report	18245-Peer-review(s).pdf
Journal Editor-in-Chief Review Report	18245-Journal editor-in-chief review report.pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	18245-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	18245-Scientific editor work list.pdf