Publication Name	World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript ID	26383
Country	United States

Received	2016-04-07 08:58
Peer-Review Started	2016-04-07 10:10
To Make the First Decision	2016-05-12 10:27
Return for Revision	2016-05-26 14:23
Revised	2016-06-02 00:00
Second Decision	2016-06-20 08:17
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief	2016-06-20 18:16
Accepted by Company Editor-in-Chief	2016-06-28 15:52
Articles in Press	2016-06-28 15:52
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2016-08-04 15:21
Publish the Manuscript Online	2016-08-15 10:30

ISSN	1007-9327 (print) and 2219-2840 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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Website	http://www.wjgnet.com

Category	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manuscript Type	Editorial
Article Title	Mitochondrial DNA from hepatocytes as a ligand for TLR9: Drivers of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Priya Handa, Akhila Vemulakonda, Kris V Kowdley, Misael Uribe and Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Priya Handa, MS, PhD, Senior Research Scientist, Organ Care Research and Liver Care Network, 1124 Columbia Street, Suite 600, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, United States. priya.handa@swedish.org
Key Words	TLR9; Damage-associated molecular patterns; Products of microbial metabolism produced by pathogens; Mitochondrial DNA; Hepatocytes; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Inflammation; Innate immune signaling; Kupffer cells; Therapy
Core Tip	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease. It has been shown that innate immune activation contributes to the progression of NAFLD by inducing hepatic inflammation. A new study recently demonstrated that hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA acts as a damage -induced molecular pattern activating hepatic TLR9 to initiate and amplify inflammatory signaling leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Inhibiting TLR9 by using a synthetic antagonist, IRS 954, reversed steatohepatitis; as did a whole body ablation of TLR9 or a myeloid-specific knockout of TLR9. This editorial summarizes the findings of the new study and describes potential novel therapeutic targets that may hold promise for NASH treatment.
Publish Date	2016-08-15 10:30
Citation	Handa P, Vemulakonda A, Kowdley KV, Uribe M, Mendez-Sanchez N. Mitochondrial DNA from hepatocytes as a ligand for TLR9: Drivers of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis? World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(31): 6965-6971
URL	http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i31/6965.htm
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6965

Full Article (PDF)	WJG-22-6965.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJG-22-6965.doc
Manuscript File	26383-Review.docx
Answering Reviewers	26383-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	26383-Audio core tip.mp3
Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure Form	26383-Conflict-of-interest statement.pdf
Copyright License Agreement	26383-Copyright assignment.pdf
Peer-review Report	26383-Peer-review(s).pdf
Journal Editor-in-Chief Review Report	26383-Journal editor-in-chief review report.pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	26383-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	26383-Scientific editor work list.pdf