Publication Name	World Journal of Virology
Manuscript ID	65819
Country	Russia

Received	2021-03-23 13:36
Peer-Review Started	2021-03-23 13:39
To Make the First Decision
Return for Revision	2021-05-05 21:23
Revised	2021-05-17 09:54
Second Decision	2021-07-26 03:27
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief
Accepted by Company Editor-in-Chief	2021-07-26 08:14
Articles in Press	2021-07-26 08:14
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2021-09-16 01:17
Publish the Manuscript Online	2021-09-16 10:35

ISSN	2220-3249 (online)
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Category	Virology
Manuscript Type	Minireviews
Article Title	Ambisense polarity of genome RNA of orthomyxoviruses and coronaviruses
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Oleg Zhirnov
ORCID	Author(s) ORCID Number Oleg Zhirnov http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3192-8405
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Oleg Zhirnov, DSc, MD, PhD, Professor, Gamaleya Microbiology and Epidemiology Research Center, Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, 16 Gamaleya Street, Moscow 123098, Russia. zhirnov@inbox.ru
Key Words	Virus genome; Ambisense RNA; Influenza; Coronavirus; Virus diversity; Virus genes
Core Tip	A novel genes identified in viral genomes in opposite direction, as positive in influenza and negative in coronaviruses, are considered. The identified novel genes colocolized in the same RNA regions of viral genomes, where the previously known opposite genes are encoded, a so-called ambisense stacking architecture of genes in virus genome. It seems likely, that ambisense gene stacking in influenza and coronavirus families significantly increases genetic potential and virus diversity to extend virus-host adaptation pathways in nature. These data imply that ambisense viruses may have a multivirion mechanism, like "a dark side of the Moon", allowing production of the heterogeneous population of virions expressed through positive and negative sense genome strategies.
Publish Date	2021-09-16 10:35
Citation	Zhirnov O. Ambisense polarity of genome RNA of orthomyxoviruses and coronaviruses. World J Virol 2021; 10(5): 256-263
URL	https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v10/i5/256.htm
DOI	https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v10.i5.256

Full Article (PDF)	WJV-10-256.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJV-10-256.docx
Manuscript File	65819_Auto_Edited-JPY.docx
Answering Reviewers	65819-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	65819-Audio core tip.m4a
Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure Form	65819-Conflict-of-interest statement.pdf
Copyright License Agreement	65819-Copyright license agreement.pdf
Non-Native Speakers of English Editing Certificate	65819-Language certificate.pdf
Supplementary Material	65819-Supplementary material.pdf
Peer-review Report	65819-Peer-review(s).pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	65819-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	65819-Scientific editor work list.pdf