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Articles Published Processes
6/2/2022 10:05:35 AM | Browse: 635 | Download: 1282
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Received |
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2021-11-13 21:29 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2021-11-13 21:31 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2022-01-09 06:02 |
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Return for Revision |
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2022-01-09 10:07 |
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Revised |
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2022-01-17 20:54 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2022-04-14 02:11 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2022-04-21 17:22 |
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Articles in Press |
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2022-04-21 17:22 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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2022-04-13 05:03 |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2022-05-19 03:37 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2022-06-02 10:05 |
| ISSN |
2307-8960 (online) |
| Open Access |
This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Copyright |
©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Article Reprints |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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| Permissions |
For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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| Publisher |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA |
| Website |
http://www.wjgnet.com |
| Category |
Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
| Manuscript Type |
Opinion Review |
| Article Title |
Malignant insulinoma: Can we predict the long-term outcomes?
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
Maja Cigrovski Berkovic, Monika Ulamec, Sonja Marinovic, Ivan Balen and Anna Mrzljak |
| ORCID |
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| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
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| Corresponding Author |
Maja Cigrovski Berkovic, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Avenija Gojka Suska 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. maja.cigrovskiberkovic@gmail.com |
| Key Words |
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; Malignant insulinoma; Resection; Liver; Transplantation |
| Core Tip |
Insulinomas are rare but potentially malignant tumors. The only sure sign of malignancy is metastases present at diagnosis. Long-term survival of patients with malignant insulinoma is poor; however, newly available agents and approaches, are reassuring. Nonetheless, it is important to distinguish between benign and malignant insulinomas early, as well as follow the non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and plan the appropriate treatment and follow-up. Important initial parameters include 2-3-fold higher insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide levels, early-onset hypoglycemia during the 72-h fasting test, and high chromogranin A from the biochemical aspect, earlier recognition of neuroglycopenic symptoms from the clinical aspect, and tumor size exceeding 3 cm and higher tumor grade (G2 or G3) from the pathohistological standpoint. Molecular genetic advances are still insufficient in adding to the individualization of treatment and prognosis, but α-internexin and chromosomal instability, where available, might add to early recognition of malignancy. |
| Publish Date |
2022-06-02 10:05 |
| Citation |
Cigrovski Berkovic M, Ulamec M, Marinovic S, Balen I, Mrzljak A. Malignant insulinoma: Can we predict the long-term outcomes? World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(16): 5124-5132 |
| URL |
https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v10/i16/5124.htm |
| DOI |
https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i16.5124 |
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