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Articles Published Processes
8/25/2014 2:47:00 PM | Browse: 1447 | Download: 1511
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Received |
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2013-11-27 15:27 |
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Peer-Review Started |
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2013-11-27 20:34 |
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First Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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Return for Revision |
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2014-01-20 22:20 |
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Revised |
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2014-03-11 02:38 |
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Publication Fee Transferred |
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Second Decision by Editor |
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2014-04-23 09:41 |
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Second Decision by Editor-in-Chief |
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Final Decision by Editorial Office Director |
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2014-04-23 09:53 |
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Articles in Press |
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2014-05-23 09:50 |
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Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor |
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Typeset the Manuscript |
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2014-07-16 18:42 |
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Publish the Manuscript Online |
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2014-08-07 10:34 |
| Category |
Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
| Manuscript Type |
Review |
| Article Title |
Therapeutic uses of animal biles in traditional Chinese medicine: An ethnopharmacological, biophysical chemical and medicinal review
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| Manuscript Source |
Invited Manuscript |
| All Author List |
David Q-H Wang and Martin C Carey |
| Funding Agency and Grant Number |
| Funding Agency |
Grant Number |
| National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service) |
DK54012 (to Wang DQ-H) |
| National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service) |
DK73917 (to Wang DQ-H) |
| National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service) |
DK36588 (to Carey MC) |
| National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service) |
DK34854 (to Wang DQ-H) |
| National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service) |
DK73687 (to Wang DQ-H) |
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| Corresponding Author |
David Q-H Wang, MD, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Edward Doisy Research Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. dwang15@slu.edu |
| Key Words |
Bile acids; Bile pigments; Bilirubinates; Liquid crystals; Materia medica; Mixed micelles; Bear bile; Ox gallstones; Paleo-pharmacology; Phospholipids |
| Core Tip |
We investigated during what periods of Chinese history each of the animal biles were introduced as therapeutic agents. What categories of diseases were subjected to “bile therapy” and why was a wide assortment of animal biles required for effective medicinal use? We catalogued the principal bile acids and bilirubin species in each animal bile based upon high-quality chemical analyses. We provided insights on the pharmacological mechanisms whereby different animal biles have been effective in treating a variety of acute and chronic diseases. We believe that this is the first time that this subject has been systematically collated and critically addressed. |
| Publish Date |
2014-08-07 10:34 |
| Citation |
Wang DQH, Carey MC. Therapeutic uses of animal biles in traditional Chinese medicine: An ethnopharmacological, biophysical chemical and medicinal review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(29): 9952-9975 |
| URL |
http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i29/9952.htm |
| DOI |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9952 |
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