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        9/10/2020 9:32:20 AM | Browse: 633 | Download: 1354
    
    
        
        
    
        
            
                
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        2020-05-20 02:53 | 
    
    
        
            
                
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        2020-07-04 01:34 | 
    
    
        
            
                
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        2020-07-04 05:43 | 
    
    
        
            
                
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                    Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief | 
                 
             
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                    Accepted by Executive Editor-in-Chief | 
                 
             
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        2020-08-14 16:52 | 
    
    
        
            
                
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        2020-08-14 16:52 | 
    
    
        
            
                
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        2020-08-19 09:54 | 
    
            
                
                    
                        
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                2020-09-10 09:32 | 
            
        
        
            
                | ISSN | 
                2308-3840 (online) | 
            
            
                | Open Access | 
                This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ | 
            
            
                | Copyright | 
                ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. | 
            
                    
                        | Article Reprints | 
                        
                            For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
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                | Permissions | 
                
                    For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
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                | Publisher | 
                Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA | 
            
            
                | Website | 
                http://www.wjgnet.com | 
            
        
    
        | Category | 
        Biochemical Research Methods | 
    
    
        | Manuscript Type | 
        Letter to the Editor | 
    
    
        | Article Title | 
        
                    Integrating contextual variables in meta-analyses
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        | Manuscript Source | 
        Unsolicited Manuscript | 
    
    
        | All Author List | 
        Haitham Jahrami | 
    
            
                | ORCID | 
                
                    
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        | Funding Agency and Grant Number | 
        
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        | Corresponding Author | 
        Haitham Jahrami, PhD, Assistant Professor, Ministry of Health, College of Medicine and Medial Sciences, Arabian Gulf  University, Road 2904 Building 293 Manama, Manama P.O Box 26671, Bahrain. hjahrami@health.gov.bh | 
    
    
        | Key Words | 
        Covariates; Moderator; Meta analysis; Contextual; Subgroup analysis; Meta regression | 
    
    
        | Core Tip | 
        This letter call for the use of contextual variables, that are typically not in use for covariate analyses. Contextual variables are introduced and defined as variables not immediately/directly measured by the original studies in the meta-analysis but rather can be estimated knowing the background of each study. For example in a meta analysis of clinical trails one might want to adjust for studies from high income vs low income countries or studies that were funded vs independent. | 
    
            
                | Publish Date | 
                2020-09-10 09:32 | 
            
    
        | Citation | 
        Jahrami H. Integrating contextual variables in meta-analyses. World J Meta-Anal 2020; 8(4): 345-347 | 
    
            
                | URL | 
                https://www.wjgnet.com/2308-3840/full/v8/i4/345.htm | 
            
            
                | DOI | 
                https://dx.doi.org/10.13105/wjma.v8.i4.345 | 
            
    
    
        
                
        
     
 
                 
             
         
        
    
        
        
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