Publication Name	World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Manuscript ID	20853
Country	United States

Received	2015-06-24 08:29
Peer-Review Started	2015-06-26 17:18
To Make the First Decision	2015-08-16 17:31
Return for Revision	2015-08-26 08:50
Revised	2015-09-06 00:54
Second Decision	2015-10-08 12:24
Accepted by Journal Editor-in-Chief	2015-10-09 00:42
Accepted by Company Editor-in-Chief	2015-10-19 15:35
Articles in Press	2015-10-19 15:35
Publication Fee Transferred
Edit the Manuscript by Language Editor
Typeset the Manuscript	2015-10-26 11:36
Publish the Manuscript Online	2015-11-12 18:51

ISSN	2150-5349 (online)
Open Access	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Copyright	© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Article Reprints	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/247
Permissions	For details, please visit: http://www.wjgnet.com/bpg/gerinfo/207
Publisher	Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
Website	http://www.wjgnet.com

Category	Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manuscript Type	Review
Article Title	Pharmacotherapy for the management of achalasia: Current status, challenges and future directions
Manuscript Source	Invited Manuscript
All Author List	Ammar Nassri and Zeeshan Ramzan
Funding Agency and Grant Number
Corresponding Author	Zeeshan Ramzan, MD, Assistant Profes­sor, Gastrointestinal Section, Department of Internal Medicine, VA North Texas Healthcare System, 4500 S. Lancaster Road, Dallas, TX 75216, United States. zeeshanramzan@hotmail.com
Key Words	Botulinum toxin; Botox; Achalasia; Pharmacotherapy; Sprouting inhibitors
Core Tip	Botulinum toxin (BT) injection is the most common and effective pharmacological therapy used in the treatment of achalasia, and is commonly used in the elderly, those with multiple comorbidities, patients at high risk for surgery and as a salvage therapy. This article discusses new advances related to the pharmacological management of achalasia that may help to optimize minimally invasive treatment approaches in patients with achalasia, and discusses improvements in endoscopic injection techniques, the use of sclerosants, new BT formulations, alternate serotypes, sprouting inhibitors and designer recombinant BT formulations.
Publish Date	2015-11-12 18:51
Citation	Nassri A, Ramzan Z. Pharmacotherapy for the management of achalasia: Current status, challenges and future directions. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2015; 6(4): 145-155
URL	http://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v6/i4/145.htm
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v6.i4.145

Full Article (PDF)	WJGPT-6-145.pdf
Full Article (Word)	WJGPT-6-145.doc
Manuscript File	20853-Review.docx
Answering Reviewers	20853-Answering reviewers.pdf
Audio Core Tip	20853-Audio core tip.wav
Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure Form	20853-Conflict-of-interest statement.pdf
Copyright License Agreement	20853-Copyright assignment.pdf
Supplementary Material	Supplementary_Material_20150624065049.docx
Peer-review Report	20853-Peer-review(s).pdf
Journal Editor-in-Chief Review Report	20853-Journal editor-in-chief review report.pdf
Scientific Misconduct Check	20853-Scientific misconduct check.pdf
Scientific Editor Work List	20853-Scientific editor work list.pdf